滑坡易发性相关致灾环境因子研究的综述与展望  

A review and prospect of disaster-causing environmental factors related to landslide susceptibility prediction

作　　者：黄发明 陈杰[1] 杨阳[1] 陈茜 周创兵 江炳辰 郭飞[2] HUANG Faming;CHEN Jie;YANG Yang;CHEN Xi;ZHOU Chuangbing;JIANG Bingchen;GUO Fei(School of Infrastructure Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area(China Three Gorges University),Ministry of Education,Yichang Hubei 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学工程建设学院,南昌330031 [2]三峡大学三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2025年第2期14-37,共24页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42377164);江西省自然科学基金项目(20242BAB23052,20232BAB204077);防灾减灾湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(2024XCZX05)。

摘　　要：致灾环境因子是滑坡易发性预测建模的输入变量,是指影响滑坡发生、发展和分布的各种边坡自然属性因子。类型齐全且意义明确的致灾环境因子,对提高滑坡易发性结果的准确性和可靠性至关重要。为了进一步明确致灾环境因子的研究现状和未来展望,本研究在Web of Science的核心合集数据库中进行了文献检索,标题中包含“landslide susceptibility”,出版日期范围从20130101-20231231,收集了767篇滑坡易发性英文论文构成文献数据库。首先统计每篇文献中致灾环境因子数量、获取方法、来源、重要性和认可度等信息,然后详述了致灾环境因子的定义和物理意义;之后对致灾环境因子的优化选取/组合方法、因子联接方法、因子误差及其适宜性等特征进行了讨论,为后续预测滑坡易发性时选取致灾环境因子的不确定性研究提供参考。综述结果表明:(1)文献数据库中共统计出82种致灾环境因子,使用频率较高的因子有40余种,其中坡度、坡向、高程、岩性是使用频率最高的4个因子,坡度、高程、公路密度、岩性、降雨等因子在滑坡易发性预测中的重要性依次增高;(2)发现采用类型齐全且物理意义明确的致灾环境因子、基于环境因子联接方法来构建模型输入变量、消除环境因子中的随机误差、提升环境因子的适宜性和内在可解释性等研究有利于大幅提升机器学习方法预测滑坡易发性的性能,在未来研究中需要重点关注这些关键问题。[Objective]Disaster-causing environmental factors serve as input variables for landslide susceptibility prediction modeling,referring to various natural attribute factors influencing the occurrence,development,and distribution of landslides on slopes.A comprehensive and clearly-defined set of disaster-causing environmental factors is of vital importance for enhancing the accuracy and reliability of landslide susceptibility outcomes.[Methods]To further clarify the research status and future prospects of disaster-causing environmental factors,this paper conducted a literature search in the core collection database of Web of Science,with the titles containing"landslide susceptibility"and the publication date ranging from 01/01/2013 to 31/12/2023,collecting 767 English papers on landslide susceptibility to form a literature database.Firstly,information such as the quantity of disastercausing environmental factors,acquisition methods,sources,importance,and acceptance in each paper was statistically analyzed.Then,the definitions and physical meanings of disaster-causing environmental factors were elaborated in detail.Subsequently,characteristics such as the optimization selection/combination methods of disaster-causing environmental factors,factor connection methods,factor errors,and suitability were discussed,providing a reference for the uncertainty research of selecting disaster-causing environmental factors when predicting landslide susceptibility.[Results and Conclusion]The review results indicate that:(1)A total of 82 types of disaster-causing environmental factors were statistically analyzed in the literature database,with over 40 frequently used ones.Among them,slope,aspect,elevation,and lithology are the four most frequently used factors.The importance of factors such as slope,elevation,road density,lithology,and rainfall in landslide susceptibility prediction is the highest in sequence.(2)It was discovered that research on using comprehensive and physically meaningful disaster-causing environmental factors,co

关 键 词：滑坡易发性 致灾环境因子 机器学习 不确定性讨论 地形地貌因子 水文环境因子 地表覆被因子 地层岩性因子 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]