藏南地区桑谷沟冰川泥石流形变历史分析和运动过程模拟  

Deformation history analysis and movement process simulation of glacier debris flow in Sanggu Valley in southern Tibet

作　　者：孙靖宜 杨金[2] 吴永宁 李群[2] 章广成[1] 周哲晟 徐红剑 SUN Jingyi;YANG Jin;WU Yongning;LI Qun;ZHANG Guangcheng;ZHOU Zhesheng;XU Hongjian(Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;China Communications Second Highway Survey and Design Research Institute Co.,LTD.,Wuhan 430058,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,武汉430074 [2]中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司,武汉430058

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2025年第2期355-367,共13页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

摘　　要：藏东南雅鲁藏布江流域冰川型泥石流规模大、持续时间长、冲击力强,由于传统方法难以定量描述大尺度泥石流形成机理问题,根据桑谷沟流域泥石流现场实地调研、无人机航拍、卫星影像信息以及地质气象数据,揭示桑谷沟泥石流的暴发与物源、降雨量等因素之间关系,提出了一种联合InSAR与RAMMS技术全面分析泥石流爆发前物源形变过程与爆发期间泥石流运动特征的方法。基于SBAS-InSAR技术,针对桑谷沟泥石流2次爆发期间的形变进行分析,结合卫星影像图、无人机影像以及现场勘察,实现了桑谷沟泥石流灾害爆发前形变过程反演和灾变趋势预测;采用RAMMS泥石流数值模拟软件对桑谷沟泥石流爆发期间运动过程进行了模拟。研究表明:①通过InSAR技术解算桑谷沟泥石流LOS向形变,坡体长期处于蠕滑状态;物源区内最大形变速率为139 mm/a,流通区内速率最大为46 mm/a,堆积区速率最大为20 mm/a;降雨作用为泥石流发育提供了大量的松散来源。②根据不同步时状态下泥石流堆积深度和流速状态,将研究区演进过程划分为初始运动、加速运动、减速−最终3个阶段。该方法联合冰川泥石流形变历史分析和运动过程模拟,对泥石流发展趋势及预测提供科学依据,并为工程防治设计提供参考。Glacial debris flows in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin of southeastern Tibet are characterized by their large scale,prolonged duration,and significant societal and environmental impacts.Investigating the deformation characteristics and influencing factors of Sanggu Valley debris flow offers critical scientific insights for predicting,early warning,and mitigating glacial debris flow disasters in this region.Traditional methods often fall short in quantitatively describing the formation mechanisms of large-scale debris flows.To address this limitation,this study integrates field investigations,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)aerial photography,satellite imagery,and geological and meteorological data.[Objective]This study aims to elucidate the relationship between debris flow outbreaks in Sanggu Valley and key influencing factors,including material sources and rainfall patterns.[Methods]A novel method combining interferometric synthetic aperture radar(InSAR)and random-access mass spectrometry(RAMMS)techniques is developed to analyze the deformation process of debris flows before and during their initiation.SBAS-InSAR technology is employed to quantify the deformation of Sanggu Valley debris flow during two outbreaks,complemented by satellite images,UAV images,and field investigations.This approach enables the inversion of deformation processes and the prediction of disaster trends prior to the Sanggu Valley debris flow event.Additionally,RAMMS debris flow numerical simulation software is utilized to model the movement dynamics of the Sanggu Valley debris flow during its eruption.[Results]This study yields the following key findings:①InSAR-derived LOS deformation analysis of the Sanggu Valley debris flow reveals the prolonged slope creep,with maximum deformation rates of 139 mm/a in the source area,46 mm/a in the flow area,and 20 mm/a in the accumulation area.Rainfall is identified as a critical factor in supplying loose materials for debris flow development.②The evolution process of the debris flow is categorized in

关 键 词：冰川泥石流 SBAS-InSAR RAMMS 无人机航拍 泥石流成因 桑谷沟 藏南地区 

分 类 号：P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学]