玛纳斯河流域河水-地下水转化驱动下的水文地球化学空间演化  

Spatial evolution of hydrogeochemistry driven by river water-groundwater transformations in the Manas River Basin

作　　者：马文静[1,2,3] 王文科[1,2,3] 侯昕悦 季德帅 马稚桐 MA Wenjing;WANG Wenke;HOU Xinyue;JI Deshuai;MA Zhitong(School of Water and Environment,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054 [3]长安大学水利部旱区生态水文与水安全重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2025年第2期378-388,共11页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42202275)。

摘　　要：河水-地下水的相互转换影响着水化学的成分组成及演化规律,进而影响着水生态环境,因此了解其水化学成分的来源及演化机制具有重要意义。以中国典型干旱区玛纳斯河流域为研究区,运用水化学图解、离子比例系数分析和反向水文地球化学演化等方法,对该流域不同地貌的河水-地下水水化学特征、主要离子组分来源和演化规律开展了研究。结果表明,随地貌和河水-地下水转化关系的变化,河水和地下水水化学类型主要从HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca型逐渐演化为Cl-Na型,水化学变化的自然驱动因素由水岩作用变为蒸发浓缩;在脱节段,水体水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca型,主要受到溶滤作用;在河水—地下水交换段上游,主要为SO_(4)·Cl-Na型,主要发生溶滤和混合作用;交互段下游水化学类型主要为Cl-Na型,主要受蒸发作用影响;反向演化结果进一步定量分析了研究区水岩作用的影响,沿地下水流方向,发生了钠长石和钙长石的沉淀,白云石、石膏、Ca-蒙脱石和岩盐的溶解,以及Na-Mg、Ca-Mg的正向阳离子交换。研究结果可为干旱半干旱地区的水环境保护和可持续管理提供科学依据。[Objective]The mutual conversion between river water and groundwater plays a crucial role in influencing the composition and evolution of hydrochemical components,and thus,has a significant impact on the water ecological environment.Hence,it is critical to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sources and evolution mechanisms of its hydrochemical components.The complex interactions between river water and groundwater can lead to alterations in the chemical constituents,which may have far-reaching consequences for the overall health and stability of the aquatic ecosystem.[Methods]This work focused on the Manas River Basin,which is located in a typical arid area of China,as the research area.A series of advanced methods were involved in this work,including hydrochemical diagrams(provide a visual representation of the chemical characteristics);ion ratio coefficient analysis(helps in determining the relative proportions of different ions);and inverse hydrogeochemical evolution(allows for a detailed exploration of the historical changes in the water chemistry).Through these methods,an in-depth study is carried out on the hydrochemical characteristics of river water and groundwater in different landforms within the basin,as well as the sources of major ion components and the evolution laws.[Results]These results obtained from the research are highly revealing.It is found that with the changes in landforms and the conversion relationship between river water and groundwater,the hydrochemical types of river water and groundwater experience a progressive evolution.Initially,they are mainly of the HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca type,but gradually transform into the Cl-Na type.The natural driving factor responsible for these hydrochemical changes also shifts.In the disconnected segment,the hydrochemical type of water bodies is predominantly HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca,and the main influencing factor is diafiltration.In the upper reaches of the river-groundwater exchange section,it is mainly SO4·Cl-Na type water,where leaching and mixing are

关 键 词：水化学特征 河水-地下水转化 水文地球化学演化 玛纳斯河流域 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]