日本轨道交通TOD实践发展历程及启示  

The development process and implications of TOD practice in Japan’s rail transit system

作　　者：甘博 GAN Bo(Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200082,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海200082

出　　处：《现代城市轨道交通》2025年第4期108-112,共5页Modern Urban Transit

摘　　要：日本通过实施以轨道交通站点为中心的高密度、多功能开发,在提升交通效率的同时,优化土地利用并改善居民生活质量,成为全球TOD发展的典范。文章首先梳理TOD概念的起源,并通过对比美国与日本TOD模式理念,指明日本轨道交通TOD模式在产生背景和意义上的独特之处;然后,以东京都市圈为例,结合日本城市化进程中的3个主要城市化浪潮,阐述日本轨道交通TOD实践发展历程,即其所经历的轨道交通网络构建时期、基于宅地供给的郊外开发时期、基于宅地供给的新城建设时期,以及注重城市中心开发的城市重建时期;最后,在总结日本轨道交通TOD模式特征的基础上,分析其对我国轨道交通TOD发展的启示,以期为推进我国城市化进程、促进轨道交通高质量发展提供参考和借鉴。Japan has emerged as a global exemplar in Transit-Oriented Development(TOD)by implementing high-density,multi-functional developments centered around rail transit stations.This approach not only enhances transportation efficiency but also optimizes land use and improves residents’quality of life.This article explores the origins of the TOD concept in the first place,and compares the TOD models of the United States and Japan to highlight the distinctive features of Japan’s rail-based TOD model in terms of its background and significance.Next,using the Tokyo metropolitan area as a case study,this article details Japan’s rail transit TOD development process in conjunction with the three major urbanization waves during Japan’s urbanization:the period of rail transit network construction,the phase of suburban expansion driven by the supply of residential land,the era of new town construction also based on the supply of residential land,and the stage of urban redevelopment focusing on revitalizing city centers.Finally,by summarizing the characteristics of Japan’s rail transit TOD model,this article analyzes its implications for China’s TOD development,aiming to provide reference and inspiration to promote China’s urbanization and facilitate the high-quality development of rail transit.

关 键 词：轨道交通 TOD 城市开发 日本 启示 

分 类 号：U239.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]