考虑非理想表面形貌的零件装配定位方法  

Part Assembly Positioning Method Considering Non-Ideal Surface Topography

作　　者：闫彤 董晓赛 荣玉祥 王敬喆 YAN Tong;DONG Xiaosai;RONG Yux iang;WANG Jingzhe(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi'an Polytechnic University,Xi'an 710600,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710600

出　　处：《轻工机械》2025年第2期28-35,共8页Light Industry Machinery

基　　金：西安市科技计划项目(2023JH-GXRC-0008)。

摘　　要：针对现有装配定位方法不能准确、真实地反映实际装配过程的问题,课题组提出了一种考虑非理想表面形貌的零件装配定位方法。为了使定位结果更加符合实际工程需求,在装配定位过程中引入了不干涉约束和力稳定约束两大类工程约束,并对这两大类约束构造了相应的惩罚项,采用惩罚函数法将有约束问题转化为了无约束问题,建立了基于非理想表面形貌的零件装配定位模型;然后,通过算法不断迭代,完成了2个零件的装配定位;最后,以传动轴为实验对象,设计了2组实验进行验证。实验结果表明该方法具有准确性和有效性,更加符合实际装配过程。Addressing the issue that existing assembly positioning methods fail to accurately and authentically reflect the actual assembly process,a part assembly positioning method was proposed considering non-ideal surface topography.In order to make the positioning results more alined with practical engineering requirements,two types of engineering constraints,non-interference constraint and force stability constraint,were introduced into the assembly positioning process.Corresponding penalty terms were constructed for these two categories of constraints,and the penalty function method was adopted to transform the constrained problem into an unconstrained one,thereby a part assembly positioning model was established based on non-ideal surface topography.Subsequently,through continuous iterations of the algorithm,the assembly positioning of two parts was completed.Finally,taking a transmission shaft as the experimental subject,two sets of experiments were designed to verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method.The experimental results indicate that this method aligns more closely with actual assembly conditions.

关 键 词：装配定位 非理想表面形貌 不干涉约束 力稳定约束 惩罚函数 

分 类 号：TH161.7[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] O343.3[理学—固体力学]