螺栓预紧力对搭接结构动力学响应的有限元研究  

Finite Element Study of Dynamic Response of Bolt Preload to Lap Joint Structure

作　　者：朱尧 袁明清 程卓 孙岩辉 陈剑 ZHU Yao;YUAN Mingqing;CHENG Zhuo;SUN Yanhui;CHEN Jian(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xi'an Palytechnic University,Xi'an 710048,China;School of Construction Machinery,Chang an University,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学机电工程学院,陕西西安710048 [2]长安大学工程机械学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《轻工机械》2025年第2期42-52,共11页Light Industry Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52005381);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(2022JQ-340)。

摘　　要：为了探究实际工况中螺栓搭接结构结合部螺栓预紧力差异对装配体结构的影响,课题组使用ANSYS有限元软件建立了多螺栓搭接结构模型,分析了不均等螺栓预紧力作用下结合面接触状态和接触压力分布,同时提取了搭接结构的频率响应曲线;利用接触状态分布云图定义了结合面滑移率和黏着率,通过滑移率和黏着率对不均等螺栓预紧力作用下搭接结构频率偏差进行了定量分析。结果表明:同螺栓预紧力的变化相比较,螺栓结合部的螺栓数量与螺间距的改变对频率响应的影响更大;结合面滑移率与黏着率同螺栓间距呈正相关关系,滑移率与黏着率与频率响应曲线偏移趋势一致,因此可以直接通过滑移率与黏着率来预测频率响应曲线的偏移。In order to investigate the influence of the difference in bolt preload at the joint of bolt lap joint structure on the assembly structure in actual working conditions,a multi-bolt lap joint structural model was established using ANSYS finite element software.And the contact state and pressure distribution on the joint surface under uneven bolt preload was analyzed.The frequency response curve of the lap joint structure was extracted simultaneously.By utilizing the contact state distribution contour map,the slip rate and adhesion rate of the joint surface were defined,and a quantitative analysis of the frequency deviation of the lap joint structure under uneven bolt preload was conducted based on the slip and adhesion rates.The results indicate that changes in the number and spacing of bolts at the joint have a more significant impact on the frequency response compared to variations in bolt preload.The slip rate and adhesion rate are positively correlated with the bolt spacing,aligning with the trend of the frequency response curve shift.Therefore,the frequency response shift can be directly predicted through the slip and adhesion rates.

关 键 词：搭接结构 螺栓预紧力 黏着率 滑移率 频率响应 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]