胡麻乙酰乳酸合成酶ALS基因家族的鉴定与分析  

Identification and Analysis of Acetolactate Synthase(ALS)Gene Family in Flax

作　　者：徐晨梦 齐燕妮[2] 王利民[2] 李闻娟[2] 党照[2] 赵玮[2] 张建平[1,2] 刘自刚[1] XU Chenmeng;QI Yanni;WANG Limin;LI Wenjuan;DANG Zhao;ZHAO Wei;ZHANG Jianping;LIU Zigang(College of Agriculture,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop of Gansu Province,Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Resources Innovation of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China;Research Institute of Crop,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃省干旱生境作物重点实验室,甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质资源创新重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2025年第4期761-770,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院现代生物育种项目(2022GAAS04);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(油料);甘肃省重大科技项目(21ZD4NA022-02);甘肃省科技计划(21JR7RA722);国家自然科学基金(32360502);兰州市科技计划(2023-3-37)。

摘　　要：通过生物信息学方法对8个基因组中的ALS基因进行了鉴定,并对胡麻(‘陇亚10号’)ALS基因进行了重点分析。结果表明:在‘陇亚10号’‘黑亚14号’、白亚麻、大豆、木薯、拟南芥、水稻、玉米基因组中分别鉴定到ALS基因6、6、5、4、4、1、3和2个;进化分析显示ALS基因家族进化具有单、双子叶物种特异性;LuALS分布在5条染色体上,启动子区含有大量响应环境刺激的作用元件。克隆到5个LuALS基因,大多成员不含内含子;编码的氨基酸序列长度为650~669aa,分子质量介于70205.37~73064u,等电点介于6.27~7.02,定位于叶绿体;共鉴定到22个motif,其中有18个motif存在于所有LuALS蛋白。LuALS全部成员参与了片段复制事件,进化中受到了纯化选择压力。qRT-PCR结果表明,LuALS基因在突变体‘R10’中的表达量普遍高于‘陇亚10号’,但表达模式不尽相同,由此推测所有LuALS成员都可能与除草剂抗性相关。Acetolactate synthase(ALS)genes widely exist in plants and are important candidate genes for cultivating herbicide resistant germplasm.However,the studies on flax ALS ar scarce.In this study,we identified ALS genes in 8 genomes through bioinformatics,and specifically analyzed the ALS genes in‘Longya-10’.The results showed that a total of 6,6,5,4,4,1,3 and 2 ALS genes were identified in‘Longya 10’‘Heiya 14’,pale flax,soybean,cassava,Arabidopsis,rice and maize,respectively.Evolutionary analysis indicated that the evolution of ALS gene family was monocot-and dicotspecific.LuALS genes were distributed on five chromosomes,and the promoter regions contained a large number of regulatory elements in response to environmental stimuli.In this study,five LuALS genes were cloned,and most of the genes did not contain introns.LuALS contained 650-669 amino acid residues,with a molecular weight of 70205.37-73064 u,and an isoelectric point of 6.27-7.02.All LuALS proteins were localized in chloroplasts.A total of 22 motifs were identified in LuALS,18 of which motifs were present in all LuALS proteins.All LuALS members participated in segmental duplication and were subjected to purifying selection pressure.qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of LuALS genes in mutant‘R10’were generally higher than those of‘Longya 10’,but the expression patterns were different.Therefore,it can be speculated that all LuALS members are related to herbicide resistance.This study lays a foundation for further function analysis of LuALS genes and provides gene resources for breeding herbicide resistant flax germplasm.

关 键 词：胡麻 基因家族 除草剂 表达分析 乙酰乳酸合成酶 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]