温湿度对设施黄瓜靶斑病的影响及调控  

Influence and Control of Temperature and Humidity on Target Spot Disease of Cucumber

作　　者：李东博 张茜 郭子芳 眭昊 刘书源 余朝阁[1] LI Dongbo;ZHANG Xi;GUO Zifang;SUI Hao;LIU Shuyuan;YU Chaoge(Modern Facilities Horticultural Engineering Technology Center,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110000,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学现代设施园艺工程技术中心,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2025年第4期107-115,共9页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2300705);国家自然科学基金(32272705);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系专项(CARS-23)。

摘　　要：为探明调节温、湿度防控设施黄瓜靶斑病的技术,本研究首先明确了不同温度、高温高湿、湿度及温湿度交互下靶斑病菌多主棒孢霉(Corynespora cassiicola)生长和繁殖的差异,然后进行正交试验探明不同温湿度组合下靶斑病的侵染情况,最后探索调节温、湿度对靶斑病的防控效果。结果表明:多主棒孢霉最适宜的生长温度为30℃,最适宜繁殖的温度为27℃,最适宜生长和繁殖的湿度为95%以上,当温度高于33℃或低于15℃,湿度低于90%可显著抑制其生长、繁殖,湿度越低对其抑制效果越强;当相对湿度饱和时,42、45℃的高温高湿环境下闷棚2 h都可抑制多主棒孢霉的生长和繁殖,并降低发病程度,45℃效果更好,此菌在温度30℃、湿度100%的条件下生长、繁殖状况最好,温度18℃,湿度75%抑制效果最强,其次温度33℃、湿度75%的低温低湿和高温低湿条件下都能够抑制其繁殖;温度为27~30℃,相对湿度>85%时发病重,温度低于18℃或高于30℃,相对湿度<85%可显著抑制发病;靶斑病的发病季为春秋季和夏季,通过提高昼温或降低夜温3、5℃可降低发病程度,5℃效果更好。相对湿度饱和下42、45℃闷棚2 h都可抑制发病,45℃效果更好。降低昼夜湿度5%、缩短夜间高湿时间2~4 h对黄瓜靶斑病有着极佳的防效。综上,温度可影响此菌的生长和繁殖,而湿度主要影响其繁殖,温暖高湿的环境下最适宜靶斑病菌的生长和繁殖且发病最重,在春秋季和夏季两个黄瓜靶斑病主要发生的季节,提高昼温、高温高湿闷棚、降低夜温、昼夜湿度和缩短夜间高湿时间能够有效防控设施黄瓜靶斑病。In order to explore the technology of adjusting temperature and humidity control facilities for cucumber target spot disease.This study first identified the differences in the growth and reproduction of target spot bacteria(Corynespora cassiicola)under different temperature,high temperature and humidity,humidity and temperature and humidity interaction,and then conducted orthogonal tests to explore the infection of target spot disease under different temperature and humidity combinations,and finally explored the control effect of adjusting temperature and humidity on target spot disease.The results showed that the optimum growth temperature was 30℃,the optimum reproduction temperature was 27℃,and the optimum growth and reproduction humidity was above 95%.When the temperature was higher than 33℃or lower than 15℃,the humidity was lower than 90%,which significantly inhibited its growth and reproduction,and the lower the humidity was,the stronger the inhibition effect was.When the relative humidity is saturated,the growth and reproduction of clavispora multimain can be inhibited and the incidence degree can be reduced under high temperature and humidity environment of 42℃and 45℃for 2 hours,and the effect is better at 45℃.The growth and reproduction of this bacterium is the best at temperature of 30℃and humidity of 100%,and the inhibition effect is the strongest at temperature of 18℃and humidity of 75%,followed by temperature of 33℃.Under the condition of low temperature and low humidity and high temperature and low humidity of 75%humidity,it can inhibit its reproduction.When the temperature was 27-30℃and the relative humidity was higher than 85%,the incidence was significantly inhibited when the temperature was lower than 18℃or higher than 30℃and the relative humidity was lower than 85%.The incidence season of target spot disease is spring,autumn and summer,and the incidence degree can be reduced by increasing the day temperature or decreasing the night temperature by 3℃and 5℃,the effect

关 键 词：黄瓜 靶斑病 温度 湿度 

分 类 号：S436.421.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]