基于超材料的模拟计算器件与系统综述  

Analog Computing Components and Systems Based on Metamaterials:A Brief Review

作　　者：付鹏宇 李越[1,2] FU Pengyu;LI Yue(Department of Electronic Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学电子工程系,北京100084 [2]清华大学北京信息科学与技术国家研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《无线电工程》2025年第4期831-840,共10页Radio Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U22B2016)。

摘　　要：模拟计算以电磁波作为信息载体,具有高速率、大带宽、高并行度等优势,被广泛应用于数学基本运算以及智能系统应用中,有望构建新的计算范式,满足高速发展的算力需求。而超材料以其特殊的电磁响应特性,能够实现对电磁波的任意调控,大大提高了模拟计算的计算速率与集成度。基于此,回顾了模拟计算的发展历程与基本原理;针对多个不同应用场景,梳理剖析了基于超材料的新型模拟计算器件与系统的技术优势;展望了模拟计算的未来发展趋势与研究方向。Analog computing,which uses electromagnetic wave as information carriers,establishes new computing paradigms to meet the rapidly growing demand for computility.With advantages of ultra-high speed and parallelization,analog computing holds great potential for applications in fundamental mathematical operations and intelligent system functionalities.With unique electromagnetic response properties,metamaterial enables arbitrary control of electromagnetic waves,significantly enhancing the speed and integration of analog computing systems.This work reviews the development history and fundamental principles of analog computing,systematically analyzes the technical advantages of novel metamaterial-based analog computing components and systems in various application scenarios,and finally explores future trends and directions in analog computing development.

关 键 词：模拟计算 超材料 微积分运算 方程求解 光电智能计算 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程] TN29[理学—光学]