水位变动引发干法赤泥堆场坝体失稳的模型试验与数值模拟研究  

Model experiment and numerical simulation of the instability of a dry red mud storage yard dam caused by water level changes

作　　者：常仕奇 董晓强[1,2] 刘晓凤[1,2,3] 李江山 刘晓勇[4] 张豪儒 黄寅豪 CHANG Shi-qi;DONG Xiao-qiang;LIU Xiao-feng;LI Jiang-shan;LIU Xiao-yong;ZHANG Hao-ru;HUANG Yin-hao(College of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Disaster Prevention and Control,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China;State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan,Hubei 430071,China;The 1st Engineering Corporation Limited,China Railway Urban Construction Group,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学土木工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]太原理工大学土木工程防灾与控制山西省重点实验室,山西太原030024 [3]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程安全全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430071 [4]中铁城建集团第一工程有限公司,山西太原030024

出　　处：《岩土力学》2025年第4期1122-1130,1162,共10页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.52378360,No.51978438);山西省科技创新人才团队专项资助。

摘　　要：针对干法堆存赤泥堆场在水位变动下可能发生的失稳危险问题,采用自行设计的水位控制系统模拟水位变动下的赤泥坝体溃坝情况,揭示了不同坡比(1:2和1:1)赤泥坝体在水位变动下的浸润线、孔隙水压力、土压力的分布规律以及裂缝演化等破坏特征。试验结果表明:浸润线的抬升先快后慢,存在滞后性;浸润线下方孔隙水压力最大位置的水平土压力最大;不同坡比下,产生主裂缝原因不同,坡比为1:2时,在重力与水力综合作用下,坡面裂缝因赤泥坝体内部形成延伸至坡面的贯穿通道而产生;坡比为1:1时,坝顶处裂缝因浸润线下方产生滑动的坡体对上部坡体产生牵引效应而出现。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对不同坡比赤泥坝体的应力场与渗流场进行了分析,得到了坝体坡面应力场及位移的分布规律,数值模拟计算的结果与模型试验结果一致。A self-designed water level control system was used to simulate the collapse of a red mud dam in a dry storage yard under varying water levels.The study unveiled the distribution patterns of seepage lines,pore water pressure,soil pressure,and crack evolution in red mud dams with varying slope ratios(1:2 and 1:1)under changing water levels.Experimental findings show that the rise of the infiltration line is initially rapid,then slows down,exhibiting a lag effect.The area with the highest pore water pressure beneath the infiltration line also experiences the highest horizontal soil pressure.Under different slope ratios,the reasons for the formation of main cracks are different.When the slope ratio is 1:2,under the combined action of gravity and hydraulic forces,slope cracks are generated due to the formation of a through channel extending from the interior of the red mud dam body to the slope surface.When the slope ratio is 1:1,cracks appear at the dam crest due to the traction effect of the sliding slope below the infiltration line on the upper slope.The stress and seepage fields of red mud dams with different slope ratios were analyzed using the finite element software ABAQUS,revealing the stress and displacement distribution patterns on the dam slope surface.

关 键 词：赤泥坝体 浸润线 土压力 孔隙水压力 位移 裂缝 

分 类 号：TU432[建筑科学—岩土工程]