矿浆表面张力对载金硫化矿的浮选影响研究  

Study on the effect of pulp surface tension on flotation of gold-bearing sulfide minerals

作　　者：黄恩铭 宋宝旭 南楠 马芳源 王帅 施雨航 Huang Enming;Song Baoxu;Nan Nan;Ma Fangyuan;Wang Shuai;Shi Yuhang(School of Mining Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学矿业工程学院

出　　处：《黄金》2025年第4期59-64,共6页Gold

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅面上项目(LJKMZ20220650);辽宁省教育厅青年项目(LJKQZ20222340);辽宁科技大学博士启动项目。

摘　　要：硫化矿是有色金属浮选的关键目标矿物,其浮选效果备受关注。以载金矿物黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿为对象,通过表面张力检测,探讨了矿浆浓度、粒度、伴生矿物、捕收剂及起泡剂等因素对矿浆表面张力的影响。纯矿物浮选试验探究了矿浆表面张力对两种矿物浮选回收率的影响。试验结果表明:矿浆浓度增加时,表面张力先下降后升高,二者最佳矿浆浓度均为30%;粒度减小,黄铁矿表面张力明显下降,磁黄铁矿矿浆表面张力变化不大;方铅矿是常见伴生矿物中矿浆表面张力最低的矿物;MA-1是提升黄铁矿回收率及降低其表面张力的优选捕收剂,丁基黄药对磁黄铁矿表面张力降低效果最明显,也是其优良捕收剂;HX-609和2号油分别为黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿的起泡剂,低用量下即可达最佳回收率和最低矿浆表面张力。分析显示,矿浆表面张力降低,黄铁矿与磁黄铁矿的回收率均显著增加。因此,硫化矿浮选中可通过降低矿浆表面张力来改善回收效果。Sulfide minerals are critical targets in non-ferrous metal flotation,and their flotation efficiency is of significant interest.This study investigates the effects of pulp concentration,fineness,associated minerals,collectors,and frothers on the surface tension of the pulp through surface tension measurements,with pyrite and pyrrhotite as the research objects.Pure mineral flotation tests further explore how pulp surface tension influences the flotation recovery rates of these two minerals.The test shows that surface tension initially decreases and then increases with rising pulp concentration,with an optimal pulp concentration of 30%for both minerals;decreasing particle size significantly reduces pyrite's surface tension,while pyrrhotite remains relatively unaffected;galena exhibited the lowest surface tension among common associated minerals;MA-1,the prioritized collector,optimizes pyrite recovery while lowering pulp surface tension;while butyl xanthate most effectively reduces pyrrhotite's surface tension and enhances its recovery;the frothers,HX-609(for pyrite)and No.2 oil(for pyrrhotite),achieve maximum recovery and minimal pulp surface tension at low dosages.Analysis confirms that reduced pulp surface tension correlates with markedly improved recovery rates for pyrite and pyrrhotite.Thus,lowering pulp surface tension presents a viable strategy to enhance sulfide mineral flotation efficiency.

关 键 词：硫化矿 磁黄铁矿 黄铁矿 矿浆表面张力 浮选 机理研究 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿]