基于ALE算法的飞机水上迫降特性研究  

Research on the characteristics of aircraft crash-landing on water based on ALE algorithm

作　　者：吕晨光 张顺 Lv Chenguang;Zhang Shun(Research&Desgin Center of AVIC XAC Commercial Aircraft Co.,Ltd.,Shaanxi Xi'an,710089,China)

机构地区：[1]中航西飞民用飞机有限责任公司工程技术中心,陕西西安710089

出　　处：《机械设计与制造工程》2025年第4期115-119,共5页Machine Design and Manufacturing Engineering

摘　　要：采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)算法系统分析MA60飞机水上迫降过程。计算表明:在选定迫降程序下,飞机着水时呈现显著一次抬头现象,而二次抬头现象微弱,与传统水池试验结果一致,表明ALE算法能够精确模拟水上迫降飞机的运动姿态。研究发现,除机腹极小区域外,其余部位应力峰值均未超过材料极限强度,满足设计要求,揭示了迫降载荷与结构强度之间的内在联系。与传统水池试验相比,ALE算法不仅能解析飞机着水时的运动机理,还可以精确捕捉非定常流场特征,阐明流固耦合作用机制,并有效评估结构破损与着水姿态。研究表明,该算法能够兼顾运动学、流体动力学及结构强度分析,为MA60飞机结构设计与性能优化提供了重要理论依据和技术支持。This study systematically investigates the water ditching process of the MA60 aircraft using the Arbitrary Lagrange-Eulerian(ALE)method.Numerical results demonstrate that under the prescribed ditching procedure,the aircraft exhibits a prominent primary pitch-up phenomenon with negligible secondary pitch-up,aligning with conventional water tank tests and validating the ALE algorithm's capability in simulating motion attitudes.Structural analysis reveals that peak stresses in all components(except minor local damage on the belly)remain below the material's ultimate strength,meeting design requirements and confirming the load-strength correlation during ditching.Compared to traditional experimental methods,the ALE approach not only captures the unsteady flow field characteristics and elucidates fluid-structure interaction mechanisms,but also evaluates structural integrity and ditching posture with higher precision.The proposed method integrates kinematics,fluid dynamics,and structural strength analysis,offering important theoretical basis and technical support for optimizing the MA60 aircraft's design and performance.

关 键 词：飞机 水上迫降 适航验证 流固耦合 任意拉格朗日-欧拉算法 

分 类 号：V221[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]