西藏定日6.8级地震土木结构房屋特征及震害分析  

Characteristics and Seismic Damage Analysis of Civil Structure Houses in Dingri MS6.8 Earthquake in Xizang

作　　者：张钰曼 叶阳 张建龙 格桑云丹 贡秋卓玛 Zhang Yuman;Ye Yang;Zhang Jianlong;Gesang Yundan;Gongqiu Zhuoma(Earthquake Agency of Xizang Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000,China;Yunnan Earthquake Agency,Kuming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区地震局,拉萨850000 [2]云南省地震局,昆明650224

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2025年第1期1-12,共12页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

基　　金：西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202402ZY0008)。

摘　　要：2025年1月7日西藏定日发生6.8级地震。地震造成126人死亡,188人受伤,伤亡主要由土木结构房屋的破坏造成,极震区内大多数土木结构房屋毁坏,少数破坏。本文主要介绍受灾地区藏式土木建筑构造特点、典型震害现象及破坏机理,分析藏式土木结构民居的抗震缺陷,并结合当地实际情况提出相应的改进措施。经现场调查发现,土木结构民居的建筑构造特点具有鲜明的当地特色,存在2种固定的承重体系,土木结构房屋震害可总结为整体倒塌、局部坍塌、墙体的震害、木构件的震害、非承重构件及附属结构的震害。震害主要成因为结构体系不合理、砂浆强度低、房屋整体性差以及缺乏有效抗震构造措施。针对当地土木结构房屋特点,本文提出了针对性地加固改造措施。On January 7,2025,a 6.8-magnitude earthquake struck Dingri in the Xizang Autonomous Region,resulting in 126 fatalities and 188 injuries.The majority of casualties were caused by the collapse of adobe-timber structures,which were either completely destroyed or severely damaged in the meizoseismal area.This paper examines the structural characteristics of these buildings,summarizes typical seismic damage patterns,explores the underlying mechanisms of failure,and discusses structural deficiencies.Based on these findings,appropriate improvement measures tailored to local conditions are proposed.Field investigations revealed that adobe-timber houses in the region exhibit distinct local characteristics,with two primary load-bearing system configurations.Seismic damage was classified into five categories:complete or partial collapse,wall failure,timber damage,non-load-bearing component failure,and accessory structure damage.The widespread destruction was attributed to an irrational structural system,low mortar strength,poor overall integrity,and the absence of effective seismic construction measures.In response,this study proposes targeted reinforcement strategies to enhance the seismic resilience of adobe-timber structures in the region.

关 键 词：地震 土木结构 建筑特征 震害 加固 

分 类 号：TU352.11[建筑科学—结构工程]