尾气排放控制政策下的班轮船期最优恢复方法  

Optimal Schedule Recovery for Liner Shipping under Emission Control Policies

作　　者：王亚东 WANG Yadong(Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《物流技术》2025年第3期13-24,共12页Logistics Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72371130)。

摘　　要：随着全球对环境保护的重视程度不断提高,船舶尾气排放问题引起了广泛关注,联合国和各国政府相继出台了一系列船舶排放控制政策,如设立排放控制区(Emission Control Areas,ECA)等,以推动航运业的绿色转型。聚焦于ECA政策下的班轮船期恢复问题,探讨了单段航程下的最优速度和绕行策略;基于单航段结果,研究了多段航程的船期恢复问题,重点探讨ECA下的船舶绕行策略和航行速度对燃油消耗和船期恢复的影响,并以班轮总运营成本最小化为目标,构建了动态规划模型,优化船舶的航行速度和绕行路径。为验证模型和求解方法的有效性,以中国东南沿海的六个港口为例进行了案例分析。结果表明,所建立的优化模型在满足ECA规定的情形下,通过在ECA外绕行、调整航速等措施可以有效平衡船舶燃油消耗与航期,证明了在高惩罚系数与高油价场景下船期优先恢复策略的合理性。该研究不仅为航运企业提供了科学的船期恢复决策支持,还为班轮运输的经济性和环保性提供了理论支持与实践指导。Ship exhaust emissions have aroused widespread concern with increasing global attention to environmental protection.In response,the United Nations and various national governments have launched a series of ship emission control policies,such as the establishment of Emission Control Areas(ECA) to propel the green transition of the shipping industry.This paper focuses on the schedule recovery problem of liner shipping under ECA policies and explores optimal speed and rerouting strategies for a single voyage segment.On the basis of the single-segment results,the study further investigates the same issue for multi-segment voyages,with particular emphasis on the impact of rerouting strategies and sailing speeds on fuel consumption and schedule recovery under ECA regulations.Then a dynamic programming model is constructed to optimize ship speed and rerouting paths for the sake of minimizing total liner operation costs.In addition,a case study is conducted with six ports in the southeastern coastal region of China to validate the effectiveness of the model and the solution method.The results indicate that the proposed optimization model in compliance with ECA regulations can effectively balance ship fuel consumption and schedule recovery via measures such as rerouting outside ECAs and adjusting sailing speeds.,which proves the rationality of prioritizing the schedule recovery strategies in scenarios with high penalty coefficients and high fuel prices.To sum up,this research not only provides scientific decision-making support for shipping companies in schedule recovery,but also offers theoretical and practical guidance for enhancing the economic and environmental sustainability of liner shipping.

关 键 词：水路运输 船期恢复决策 尾气排放 排放控制区 船速优化 动态规划 

分 类 号：U692.3[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] F552.6[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]