计及负载响应特性的多数据中心时空协同运行优化策略  

Optimization Strategy for Spatiotemporal Cooperative Operation of Multiple Data Centers Considering Load Response Characteristics

作　　者：向世林 向月[1] 王晏亮 卢宇 XIANG Shilin;XIANG Yue;WANG Yanliang;LU Yu(School of Electrical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Yongchuan Power Supply Branch,Chongqing 402160,China;State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.Jiangyin Power Supply Branch,Jiangyin 214400,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学电气工程学院,四川成都610041 [2]国网重庆市电力有限公司永川供电分公司,重庆402160 [3]国网江苏省电力有限公司江阴供电分公司,江苏江阴214400

出　　处：《中国电力》2025年第4期170-181,共12页Electric Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52177103)。

摘　　要：与仅具备时间调节能力的传统柔性负荷不同,多数据中心之间负载还可进行空间上的迁移,因此成为一种具备时空调节潜力的灵活性需求响应资源。然而,以往多数据中心负荷管理的研究忽略了根据批处理负载响应特性中时效性不同而设置多时间窗口的必要性。对此,提出计及负载响应特性的多数据中心时空协同运行优化策略。首先,对多数据中心业务流与能量流耦合进行建模,灵活配置服务器开机数量。其次,分析批处理负载的时空迁移特性,建立多数据中心需求响应机制。然后,以总运行成本最小化为目标函数,用户满意度为约束,建立多数据中心运行优化模型。最后,以多数据中心为例进行算例分析,仿真结果表明,该方案可以有效激发多数据中心的需求响应潜力,减少总运行成本的同时兼顾用户满意度,提供行之有效的多数据中心负荷管理策略。Unlike traditional flexible loads that have only temporal regulation capability,the loads of multiple data centers can be migrated among them both in time and spatiality,thus becoming a flexible demand response resource with temporal and spatial regulation potential.However,previous studies on load management of multiple data centers have neglected the need for multiple time windows depending on the timeliness in batch load response characteristics.In this regard,we propose a spatio-temporal cooperative operation optimization strategy for multiple data centers considering the load response characteristics.Firstly,the coupling of business and energy flows of multiple data centers is modeled to flexibly configure the number of servers powered on.Then,the temporal and spatial migration characteristics of batch loads are analyzed to establish a multi-data center demand response mechanism.And then,a multi-data center operation optimization model is established with minimum total operation cost as the objective function and user satisfaction as the constraint.Finally,a case study is carried out with multiple data centers as an example.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively stimulate the demand response potential of multiple data centers,reduce the total operation cost while ensuring user satisfaction,and provide an effective load management strategy for multiple data centers.

关 键 词：负载响应特性 多数据中心 时空协同 多时间窗口 业务流与能量流耦合 需求响应 

分 类 号：TM73[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]