永嘉玄觉《证道歌》在朝鲜半岛的流传与影响  

A Study on the Transmission and Influence of Yongjia Xuanjue’s The Song of Enlightenment in the Korean Peninsula

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作  者:许放 XU Fang(School of Humanities,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,China 325035)

机构地区:[1]温州大学人文学院,浙江温州325035

出  处:《温州大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第2期75-85,共11页Journal of Wenzhou University:Social Science Edition

基  金:温州大学侨特色研究重点项目(WDQT21-ZD003);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD750039);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJCZH205)。

摘  要:在朝鲜半岛广泛流传并产生深远影响的永嘉玄觉《证道歌》有三重属性:一是禅宗典籍,主要表现为注解本《证道歌》和释法泉颂《证道歌》的刊印;二是书法名帖,主要表现为赵孟頫书《证道歌》和李瑢书《证道歌》的流传;三是佛教歌辞,主要表现为《证道歌》类汉文歌辞和《证道歌》类谚文歌辞的创作。以《证道歌》的刊刻、传抄、征引、仿作与改作为线索,结合汉文文献、谚文文献和民间遗存资料,考察这部作品在朝鲜半岛的流传与影响,发现以《证道歌》为代表的“三三七”体杂言歌辞曾在古代朝鲜半岛广泛流传,对这一地区的俗文学产生过深远影响。这种影响主要表现为汉文仿作和谚文改作的出现。如果说汉文仿作意味着对杂言歌辞的接受,那么谚文改作就意味着对杂言歌辞的俗文学化改造。在这一接受和改造的过程中,《证道歌》也蜕变为朝鲜半岛俗文学的一部分。Yongjia Xuanjue’s The Song of Enlightenment,which was widely circulated in the Korean peninsula and had a profound influence,has three main attributes.First,it is a Zen Buddhist text,primarily represented by publication of annotated versions of The Song of Enlightenment and the Monk Faquan’s song edition.Second,it is a model for calligraphy practice,evidenced by the circulation of Zhao Mengfu’s calligraphy of The Song of Enlightenment and Li Rong’s version.Third,it is a Buddhist ode,reflected in both Chinese and Korean vernacular odes inspired by The Song of Enlightenment.This study explores the transmission and influence of The Song of Enlightenment in the Korean Peninsula,using clues from its publication,copying,citation,imitation,and modifications,while examining Chinese and Korean literature and folk materials.It is found that The Song of Enlightenment and its“337”style of mixed form odes had a broad influence on the Korean Peninsula,deeply impacting its vernacular literature.This influence was manifested in the emergence of both Chinese imitations and Korean adaptations.While the Chinese imitations indicate the acceptance of the mixed form ode,the Korean adaptations signify its transformation into popular literature.Through this process of acceptance and adaptation,The Song of Enlightenment evolved into an integral part of Korean popular literature.

关 键 词:永嘉 玄觉 《证道歌》 朝鲜半岛 汉文仿作 谚文改作 

分 类 号:I222.7[文学—中国文学]

 

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