西藏地区环境空气中PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)时空分布特征  

Characteristics of Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Atmospheric PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) in Tibet Region

作　　者：王彩红 宋国富 尼玛卓玛 王永鹏 赵矿 WANG Caihong;SONG Guofu;NIMAZHUOMA;WANG Yongpeng;ZHAO Kuang(Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000;Ecology and Environment Remote Sensing Monitoring Center of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa 850000;Ecology and Environment Monitoring Center of Shigatse of Tibet Autonomous Region,Shigatse 857000)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区生态环境监测中心,拉萨850000 [2]西藏自治区生态环境遥感监测中心,拉萨850000 [3]西藏自治区日喀则生态环境监测中心,日喀则857000

出　　处：《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期195-205,共11页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

摘　　要：利用2017—2023年西藏7个市(区)的环境空气质量监测数据,结合相关性分析和GIS普通克里金法,对西藏地区环境空气中PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)的时空分布特征进行分析。结果表明:1)在全区以PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)为首要污染物的时段,当地环境空气质量以良为主,集中在1—3月和10—12月;2)PM_(10)与PM_(2.5)浓度的时间变化趋势较为一致,全区年均浓度达到一级标准,且总体上呈下降趋势;季均浓度呈现冬季>春季>秋季>夏季的特点;月均浓度从5月开始下降,8月最低,12月最高,小时浓度整体上呈现双峰特征,峰值分别出现在上午09:00—12:00和21:00至次日01:00;3)藏东南城市林芝市的PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度明显低于其他市(区),藏北城市那曲的PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度明显高于其他市(区);4)Sugimoto比值模型分析表明,在以颗粒物为首要污染物的超标天次中,沙尘对西藏大气环境中PM_(10)浓度的影响尤为显著,PM_(10)中沙尘组分平均含量为87.9%。Based on the ambient air quality monitoring data of 7 cities in Tibet from 2017 to 2023,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) in ambient air in Tibet were analyzed by correlation analysis and GIS Kriging interpolation.The results showed that in Tibet region,the days with PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) as the primary pollutants were characterized by good ambient air quality,mainly concentrated in January-March and October-December.The variation trend of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentration was consistent.The average annual concentration in the whole region reached the first-level standard and showed a downward trend,and the seasonal average concentration showed the characteristics of winter>spring>autumn>summer.The average monthly concentration began to decrease from May,reaching the lowest in August and the highest in December.The hourly concentration showed bimodal characteristics,and the peak appeared from 09:00 to 12:00 in the morning and from 21:00 to 01:00 in the next day.The concentrations of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) in Nyingchi City in southeastern Tibet were significantly lower than those in other cities,while the concentrations of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) in Nagqu City in northern Tibet were significantly higher than those in other cities.According to the analysis of Sugimoto model,in the exceedance days with particulate matter as the primary pollutant,dust weather had a particularly significant impact on the concentration of PM_(10) in the atmospheric environment of Tibet,the average content of dust components in PM_(10) was 87.9%.

关 键 词：西藏地区 环境空气 PM_(10) PM_(2.5) 时空分布 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]