典型绿洲城市土壤风蚀扬尘排放清单构建及时空分布特征  

Construction of Emission Inventory and Temporal-Spatial Distribution of Soil Fugitive Dust in Typical Oasis Cities

作　　者：白雯宇 李晓芳 张宏彬 王静[1] 赵雪艳[1] 赖晓姗 洪雯 姜艳[1] BAI Wenyu;LI Xiaofang;ZHANG Hongbin;WANG Jing;ZHAO Xueyan;LAI Xiaoshan;HONG Wen;JIANG Yan(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;Hami Ecological Environment Bureau,Hami 839000;Hami Ecological Environment Monitoring Centre of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Hami 839000;Ecological Environment Monitoring Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830011)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]哈密市生态环境局,哈密839000 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区哈密生态环境监测站,哈密839000 [4]新疆维吾尔自治区生态环境监测总站,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期217-226,共10页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区生态环境监测总站“新疆重污染天气应急管控能力建设”项目(2022-地方科研-1065)资助。

摘　　要：为评估土壤风蚀作用对绿洲城市大气颗粒物排放量的贡献,以新疆阿勒泰市、哈密市伊州区、喀什市为研究区域,基于收集到的土壤扬尘源活动水平和排放因子数据,采用排放因子法和GIS技术,建立研究区域2021年3km×3km高分辨率土壤风蚀扬尘颗粒物PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)的排放清单。结果表明,阿勒泰市、喀什市和哈密市伊州区土壤扬尘源PM_(10)的排放量依次为40983.79,6541.97和1974362.24 t,PM_(2.5)的排放量依次为7069.69,1090.49和326187.68t。哈密市伊州区是研究区域内颗粒物排放量最大的区域,其PM_(10)排放量分别是喀什市和阿勒泰市的302倍和48倍。受土质类别、地处沙源区以及风速较大等因素影响,哈密市伊州区土壤风蚀扬尘源颗粒物的排放强度也明显较高。哈密市伊州区土壤风蚀扬尘月排放特征呈现单峰型,5月排放量最大;喀什市和阿勒泰市呈双峰型,喀什市的峰值出现在6和8月,阿勒泰市的峰值出现在5和7月。To evaluate the contribution of soil wind erosion to the particulate matter emissions of oasis cities,based on collected activity levels and emission factors related to soil fugitive dust,a 3 km×3 km-gridded emission inventory of PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) from soil fugitive dust in Xinjiang typical oasis cities(Altay City,Yizhou District of Hami City,and Kashgar City)in 2021 was developed in combination with Emission Factors and GIS technology.The results showed that the total emissions of PM_(10) from soil fugitive dust in Altay City,Kashgar City,and Yizhou District of Hami City were estimated to be 40983.79,6541.97,and 1974362.24 t,respectively.The total emissions of PM_(2.5) were estimated to be 7069.69,1090.49,and 326187.68 t,respectively.The particulate matter emission of Yizhou District of Hami City was the highest among the study areas,and the emission of PM_(10) is 302 times and 48 times higher than that of Kashgar and Altay.Due to factors such as soil type,location in the sand source area,and high wind speed,the emission intensity of particulate matter from soil wind erosion in Yizhou District of Hami City was also significantly higher than that of the other two cities.The temporal distribution characteristics in Yizhou District of Hami City showed a unimodal pattern,with the highest occurring in May.Kashgar City and Altay City both showed a bimodal pattern,with Kashgar City’s peaks occurring in June and August,and Altay City’s peaks occurring in May and July.

关 键 词：土壤风蚀 绿洲城市 大气颗粒物 排放清单 排放强度 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]