基于氢氧同位素的塔里木流域径流组分特征研究  

Characteristics of Streamflow Components in the Tarim River Basin Based on Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes

作　　者：左浩 李斌 王易初 ZUO Hao;LI Bin;WANG Yichu(College of Water Sciences,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875 [2]北京大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期358-368,共11页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52109075,U2243201);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2243300004)资助。

摘　　要：基于水体氢氧同位素数据,采用MixSIAR混合模型,识别塔里木流域22个样本子流域主干河道的径流组分特征,并结合流域气候与下垫面信息,深入分析内陆河径流组分与流域特征的响应关系。结果表明,以降水为径流主要补给来源的子流域主要分布在塔里木流域南部地区(径流中降水、地下水和冰川融水占比分别为39%~55%,23%~30%和22%~32%);以地下水补给为主导的子流域主要分布于塔里木河流北部的绿洲区(径流补给来源组分占比分别为14%~32%,44%~76%和0%~39%);以冰川融水为径流主要补给来源的子流域则多分布于西南部(径流补给来源组分占比分别为29%~33%,14%~31%和40%~53%)。在众多流域地理气候因子中,实际蒸发量、植被覆盖度、沙漠面积和冰川面积占比是塔里木子流域径流组分特征的主要影响因素;流域下垫面特征是造成河道径流组分差异的关键因素。研究结果可为气候变化背景下内陆河流域水资源管理和生态保护提供科学依据。Based on the hydrogen and oxygen isotope data of water bodies,this study identifies the streamflow components of the mainstream channels using the MixSIAR mixed model for 22 sample sub-basins in the Tarim Basin.The relationships between streamflow components and basin characteristics for endorheic rivers were analyzed by further combining climate and underlying surface conditions of sub-basins.It appears that the sub-basins in the southern Tarim Basin primarily rely on precipitation for their streamflow,accounting for 39%-55%,23%-30%,22%-32%for precipitation,and glacial meltwater sources,respectively.The sub-basins located in the oasis area of the northern Tarim River are predominantly influenced by groundwater recharge,with a component proportion of 14%-32%,44%-76%,0%-39%for streamflow sources.Furthermore,the sub-basins primarily supplied by meltwater are predominantly found in the southwest region of the Tarim Basin,with a proportion of 29%-33%,14%-31%,40%-53%.Among various basin factors examined,actual evaporation,soil water content,vegetation index,and area proportion of desert area and glacier area emerged as key influencing factors on streamflow composition for the sub-basins of the Tarim Basin.It was also found that basin underlying surface conditions substantially impact variations in streamflow components.This result provides a scientific foundation for effective water resources management and ecological preservation within inland river basins amidst changing climatic conditions.

关 键 词：内流河 径流组分 氢氧同位素 下垫面 塔里木 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]