基于高阶网络模型的重要公交线路甄别及优化  

Identification and optimization of important bus lines based on a higher-order network model

作　　者：谢逢洁[1] 魏梦婵 黄佳欣 任翠萍 XIE Fengjie;WEI Mengchan;HUANG Jiaxin;REN Cuiping(School of Modern Post,Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学现代邮政学院,西安710061

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2025年第1期110-118,共9页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52102418);国家社会科学基金(20BGL282)。

摘　　要：针对城市重要公交线路识别与优化问题,以西安市公交系统作为研究对象,利用高阶网络模型甄别和优化西安市公交系统的重要公交线路.首先,考虑到城市公交系统具有典型的路径依赖特征,基于高阶网络模型方法构建高阶公交网络.其次,基于公交站点道路等级、站点与轨道交通接驳情况、站点服务范围内兴趣点(Point of Interest,POI)、站点所在区域的人口密度4项位置属性指标,提出改进的加权k核分解算法,将高阶公交网络分为核心层、桥层和外围层.最后,以西安市为例进行实证分析,以各层中连边承担的平均线路数为依据甄别重要公交线路,并根据路段在重要连边中出现的次数识别出最重要的公交路段,针对存在的问题提出优化建议.研究结果表明:西安市公交系统中存在234条重要的公交路段以及经过6条最重要路段的55条公交线路;西安市存在城市新区及近郊区域与中心城区连接不畅的问题,桥层中有524个公交站点与核心层中的任意一个站点都没有直达的公交线路;通过对13条非直达线路进行优化,站点直达率提高4.72%,增加了13条线路中247个站点与核心层站点的直达路线选择,改善了城市居民的出行便利性.Addressing the identification and optimization of critical urban bus lines,this study examines Xi’an’s bus system using a higher-order network model to identify and optimize its key bus lines.First,acknowledging the path dependency inherent to urban bus systems,a higher-order bus network is constructed based on the higher-order network model.Next,an improved weighted k-core decomposition method is proposed,incorporating four location attribute indicators:the road hierarchy of bus stops,rail transit connections at bus stops,Points of Interest(POIs)within the service areas of bus stops,and population density in the areas surrounding bus stops.This approach categorizes the higherorder bus network into core,bridge and peripheral layers.Finally,an empirical analysis is conducted using Xi’an as an example.Important bus lines are identified based on the average number of buses operating in each layer,and the most critical sections of the bus lines are identified according to their frequency of occurrence in significant network edges.Optimization suggestions are put forward for existing problems.The research results indicate that there are 234 critical bus line sections and 55 bus lines traversing the 6 most important sections of the bus lines in Xi’an.Additionally,challenges exist in the connectivity between the city’s new and suburban areas and the central urban areas.Specifically,524 bus stops in the bridge layer lack direct routes to any stops in the core layer.Through the optimization of 13 non-direct bus lines,the direct connection rate of bus stops has increased by 4.72%,adding direct route options for 247 stops on 13 lines to core-layer stops,thereby enhancing the travel convenience for urban residents.

关 键 词：城市交通 高阶网络 加权k核分解 线路优化 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]