辽宁省水稻品种主要农艺性状的主成分及聚类分析  

Principal Components and Cluster Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Rice Varieties in Liaoning Province

作　　者：姜秀英 王佳 高振环 吕军 李建国 韩勇 王丽丽 JIANG Xiu-ying;WANG Jia;GAO Zhen-huan;LV Jun;LI Jian-guo;HAN Yong;WANG Li-li(Rice Research Institute of Liaoning Province,Shenyang,Liaoning 110101;Seed Industry Development Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang,Liaoning 110034)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水稻研究所,辽宁沈阳110101 [2]辽宁省种业发展中心,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《辽宁农业科学》2025年第2期1-6,共6页Liaoning Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省博士科研启动基金计划项目(2023-BS-039);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2022JH/101300283);辽宁省农业重大专项(2022JH1/10200003);辽宁省水稻品种区域试验及生产试验(SDS-QS-2024-1);辽宁省农业科学院院长基金博士启动(2023BS0804)。

摘　　要：采取主成分及聚类分析的方法,对辽宁省45个水稻新品种的农艺性状进行综合评价和归类。结果表明:品种间秕粒数存在较大差异,千粒重和生育期差异较小。相关分析显示,生育期与产量呈显著正相关,适当选择生育期长的品种,易因提高结实率从而增加产量。着粒密度与多个农艺性状显著相关,在育种中保证一定有效穗数的基础上,应选择粒数多、着粒密、结实好的品种,有利于提高产量。通过主成分分析提取前4个主成分综合评价不同水稻品种的农艺性状。第1主成分主要反映了穗部情况;第2主成分主要综合了产量和生育期;第3主成分主要反映了群体穗数情况;第4主成分主要体现了株高性状。通过综合评价,得分前5名的品种分别是:辽优66、天隆粳721、辽优1537、港优20、丹粳15。通过聚类分析将45个品种分为4大类,其中第Ⅰ类材料包括7个品种,占供试材料总数的15.56%,其综合性状最优;第Ⅱ类材料包括33个品种,占供试材料总数的73.33%,其综合性状较优。第Ⅲ类、第Ⅳ类材料数量较少,多是高食味品种。该研究结果可为育种家在水稻品种选育的过程中筛选和开发利用优质水稻品种提供一定的参考价值。The agronomic traits of 45 new rice varieties in Liaoning Province were evaluated and classified by means of principal component and cluster analysis.The agronomic traits of 45 new rice varieties in Liaoning Province were evaluated and classified by means of principal component and cluster analysis.The results showed that there were great differences in the number of chaff grains and small differences in thousand grain weight and growth period among varieties.Seed density is significantly related to many agronomic traits.On the basis of ensuring a certain number of effective panicle in breeding,varieties with high grain num-ber,dense seed and good fruit should be selected,which is conducive to increasing yield.The agronomic traits of different rice varieties were evaluated comprehensively by extracting the first 4 principal components through principal component analysis.The first principal component mainly reflected the condition of ear.The second principal component mainly synthesizes yield and growth period.The third principal component mainly reflected the population spike number.The fourth principal component mainly reflected plant height traits.Through comprehensive evaluation,the top 5 varieties were Liaoyou 66,Tianlongjing 721,Liaoyou 1537,Gangyou 20 and Danjing 15.The 45 varieties were divided into 4 categories by cluster analysis,among which the class I materials included 7 varieties,accounting for 15.56%of the total number of tested materials,and their comprehensive properties were the best.The second class materials included 33 varieties,accounting for 73.33%of the total number of tested materials,and their comprehensive properties were better.The number of class III and Class IV materials is small,and most of them are high-taste varieties.The research results can provide certain reference value for breeders to screen and develop high-quality rice varieties in the process of rice variety breeding.

关 键 词：辽宁省 水稻 农艺性状 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]