7065铝合金厚板的组织与力学性能研究  

Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 7065 Aluminum Alloy Thick Plate

作　　者：冯义成[1,2] 王凤春[3] 张祥斌 王雷[1,2] 马宝霞[1] 李瑞珩 FENG Yicheng;WANG Fengchun;ZHANG Xiangbin;WANG Lei;MA Baoxia;LI Ruiheng(Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology,Ministry of Education,Harbin University of Science and Technology,Harbin 150080,China;Northeast Light Alloy Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150060,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学,哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨理工大学先进制造智能化技术教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [3]东北轻合金有限责任公司,哈尔滨150060

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2025年第7期83-91,共9页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(2022ZX04A02)。

摘　　要：采用半连续铸造→均匀化→热轧→固溶→时效处理制备了壁厚为125 mm的7065铝合金厚板,随后借助金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪、X射线衍射仪和万能拉伸机等设备,研究了7065铝合金厚板不同壁厚位置的组织演变以及时效态的力学性能。试验结果表明,7065铝合金厚板铸态条件下表层组织细小,中心层组织较为粗大;均匀化态的η相体积分数较铸态下降了64.5%;热轧态表层的组织变形程度最大,中心层变形程度最小;时效态组织中,析出相以在晶粒内部析出的纳米尺度η'相为主,表层再结晶程度和析出相分数均高于中心层。7065铝合金厚板的不同位置力学性能差异性较小,沿平行于轧制方向(RD),中心层强度最高,抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为560.1 MPa、539.6 MPa和13.7%。沿垂直于轧制方向(TD),1/4层强度最高,抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率分别为563.1 MPa、541.3 MPa和12.2%。本研究为设计和制备具有良好综合力学性能且性能均匀的7xxx铝合金厚板提供依据。7065 aluminum alloy thick plate with thickness of 125 mm was fabricated by semi-continuous casting→homogenization→hot rolling→solid solution→aging treatment.The microstructure evolution at different wall thickness positions of 7065 aluminum alloy thick plate and the mechanical properties of the aged alloy were studied by means of metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,differential scanning calorimeter,X-ray diffractometer and universal stretching machine.The experimental results show that the as-cast microstructure of 7065 aluminum alloy thick plate is finer in the surface layer and coarser in the central layer,the volume fraction ofηphase in the homogenized state is 64.5%lower than that in the as-cast state,and the deformation degree of the hot-rolled surface layer is the highest,while the deformation degree of the central layer is the smallest.In the aged microstructure,the precipitated phase is mainly the nano-scaleη'phase precipitated in the grain,and the recrystallization degree and precipitated phase fraction of the surface layer are higher than that of the central layer.7065 aluminum alloy thick plate has little difference in mechanical properties at different positions.Along the rolling direction(RD),the strength of the central layer is the highest,and the tensile strength,yield strength and elongation are 560.1 MPa,539.6 MPa and 13.7%,respectively.Along the transverse direction(TD),the strength of the 1/4 layer is the highest,and the tensile strength,yield strength and elongation are 563.1 MPa,541.3 MPa and 12.2%,respectively.This study provides a basis for the designing and fabricating 7xxx aluminum alloy thick plates with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and homogeneity.

关 键 词：7065铝合金 厚板 显微组织 力学性能 均匀性 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG146.21[金属学及工艺—金属材料]