黏结剂沥青的制备及成焦性研究:改性方法的影响  

Preparation and coking property of binder pitch:Effects of modification methods

作　　者：齐源 张春阳 冯立鑫 朱亚明[1] 程俊霞[1] 赵雪飞[1] QI Yuan;ZHANG Chunyang;FENG Lixin;ZHU Yaming;CHENG Junxia;ZHAO Xuefei(School of Chemical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学化工学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《燃料化学学报(中英文)》2025年第4期578-588,共11页Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22208138);辽宁省自然科学基金(2024-MS-179);辽宁省高校基本科研业务费专项资金(LJ222410146051,LJ212410146018)资助。

摘　　要：黏结剂沥青是炭素/石墨电极和锂离子电池负极的重要原料之一,黏结剂沥青的性质在很大程度上决定着炭/石墨制品的品质和应用,高品质黏结剂沥青对高品质炭/石墨材料的制备意义重大。本研究以净化处理后的中温沥青为原料沥青,考察了改性方法对黏结剂沥青的性质(沥青分子结构和沥青热稳定性和沥青光学显微结构)和成焦性(沥青焦光学显微结构、沥青炭微晶结构和沥青炭表面形貌等)的影响。研究结果表明,原料沥青通过氧化聚合和热缩聚两步法处理(第一步:原料沥青在280℃温度下恒温空气氧化3 h;第二步:在N_(2)气氛下迅速升温至360℃恒温缩聚1 h),能够得到高品质各向同性黏结剂沥青(软化点144℃,QI含量0.46%,TI含量26.74%,结焦值51.53%,挥发分56.65%),且该黏结剂沥青芳香缩合程度较高,小分子支链结构较少。将此黏结剂沥青热转化和炭化处理后得到的黏结剂沥青焦的光学显微结构中片状和纤维结构含量达到了83.92%,黏结剂沥青焦的无序化程度较低,微晶结构规整有序(趋于规整碳微晶含量高达90.89%,理想石墨微晶含量I_(G)/I_(All)为18%)。Binder pitch is a crucial raw material for producing carbon/graphite electrodes and lithium-ion battery anodes.The quality and application of carbon/graphite products largely depend on properties of the binder pitch.High-quality binder pitch plays a key role in enhancing quality of the carbon/graphite materials.In this work,refined medium pitch was used as the raw material.Effect of various modification methods on properties of the binder pitch was examined,such as molecular structure,thermal stability,and optical microstructure,along with its coking properties including optical microstructure of pitch coke,carbon microcrystalline structure,and carbon surface morphology.The results indicate that a high-quality isotropic binder pitch(softening point:144℃,QI content:0.46%,TI content:26.74%,coking value:51.53%,volatile matter:56.65%)was achieved using a two-step oxidation polymerization and mild thermal polymerization method.In the first step,the refined pitch was oxidized at 280℃for 3 h;in the second,it was rapidly heated to 360℃and held for 1 h under nitrogen atmosphere.This process produced a binder pitch with a high degree of aromatic condensation and fewer small-molecule branched structures.Optical microstructure of the binder pitch coke,produced through thermal conversion and carbonization,comprised 83.92%leaflet and fibrous structures.Degree of disorder in the binder pitch coke was relatively low,resulting in a regular and orderly microcrystalline structure.The content of carbon microcrystals exhibited a high degree of regularity,reaching 90.89%,while the ideal graphite microcrystal content I_(G)/I_(All)was 18%.

关 键 词：黏结剂沥青 改性方法 沥青焦 微晶结构 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]