西北印度洋海域浮游动物空间分布特征及其环境影响因素分析  

Analysis of spatial distribution characteristics of zooplankton and its influence by environmental factors in northwest Indian Ocean

作　　者：杨杰青 孙涛 俞锦辰 王悦恺 李森 李烜金 周进[1] 史赟荣[1] 陈烁 陈朗 田伟[1] 付婧 李磊[1] 胡浩鹏 YANG Jieqing;SUN Tao;YU Jinchen;WANG Yuekai;LI Sen;LI Xuanjin;ZHOU Jin;SHI Yunrong;CHEN Shuo;CHEN Lang;TIAN Wei;FU Jing;LI Lei;HU Haopeng(East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 200090,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,China;College of Oceanography and Ecological Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;School of Marine Science and Fisheries,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所/农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090 [2]安徽师范大学生态与环境学院,安徽芜湖241003 [3]上海海洋大学海洋科学与生态环境学院,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [5]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2025年第2期59-69,共11页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：农业农村部全球渔业资源调查监测评估(公海渔业资源综合科学调查)专项(3330HX2023);深远海渔业资源调查专项(3442L2024)。

摘　　要：浮游动物是海洋中的次级生产者,对维持渔业资源的丰富性和海洋生态平衡至关重要。为阐明西北印度洋海域浮游动物空间分布特征及其与环境因子的关系,分析其种类组成和丰度,采用优势度指数确定优势种,通过冗余分析(Redundancy analysis,RDA)方法分析优势种与环境因子间的关系。结果表明,调查海域共记录浮游动物7门129属241种(含未定种),桡足类(108种)占据绝对优势。种类数和平均丰度随水深的增加而逐渐降低;平均种类数、总种类数和平均丰度随经度变化不明显;平均丰度随纬度的升高而下降。优势种类群主要为桡足类、介形类和毛颚类,优势种平均丰度也呈随水深的增加而逐渐降低。深水种分布广泛,2.5°N—5.5°N各站位深水种种类数较多,0.5°N—1.5°N各站位深水种丰度较高,深水种对该区域上升流具有指示作用。影响优势种分布的主要环境因子为温度、无机氮和叶绿素a。Zooplanktons,which are secondary producers in oceans,are essential for maintaining the abundance of fishery resources and marine ecological balance.To explore the spatial distribution characteristics of zooplankton and relationships with environmental factors in the northwest Indian Ocean,we analyzed the species,abundance and dominant species composition.Redundancy analysis model(RDA)was used to analyze the relationship between the environmental factors and the dominant species.Results shown that a total of 241 species belonged to 129 genera from seven phyla,including undefined species.The most dominant group of zooplankton was Copepoda(108 species).The total species and average abundance gradually de-creased with increasing water depth.Distribution of the average number of species,total number of species and average abun-dance relatively balanced in terms of longitude.The average abundance decreased with increasing latitude.The dominant spe-cies groups were mainly Copepods,Ostracods and Chaetognaths,and the average abundance of dominant species gradually de-creased with increasing water depth.Deepwater species were distributed in all stations basically.The number of deepwater spe-cies at stations at latitudes of 2.5°N-5.5°N were relatively richer,while the total abundance of deepwater species at stations at lati-tudes of 0.5°N-1.5°N were relatively higher.Deepwater species had an indicative effect on upwelling in this area.The main en-vironmental factors affecting the distribution of dominant species were temperature,inorganic nitrogen and chlorophyll a.

关 键 词：浮游动物 深水种 空间分布 环境因子 印度洋 

分 类 号：Q178.14[生物学—水生生物学]