深圳福田红树林湿地浮游植物群落结构及影响因素研究  

Research on phytoplankton community structure and its influencing factors in mangrove wetlands of Futian,Shenzhen

作　　者：张崧 王建国 陈晓茜 郭芳 叶潇 陈晓旋 吴泽峰 张敏 ZHANG Song;WANG Jianguo;CHEN Xiaoqian;GUO Fang;YE Xiao;CHEN Xiaoxuan;WU Zefeng;ZHANG Min(Guangdong Neilingding Futian National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau,Shenzhen 518040,China;Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute,Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou 510611,China;Key Laboratory of the Pearl River Estuary Regulation and Protection of Ministry of Water Resources,Guangzhou 510611,China)

机构地区：[1]广东内伶仃福田国家级自然保护区管理局,广东深圳518040 [2]珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院,广东广州510611 [3]水利部珠江河口治理与保护重点实验室,广东广州510611

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2025年第2期70-80,共11页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：科技基础资源调查项目(2019FY01900);深圳市2022可持续发展专项(专2022N010);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022064);水利部中央级财政预算项目-水利标准管理(102126222060080009026);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42007293);贵州省水利科技经费项目(KT202319)。

摘　　要：广东内伶仃福田国家级红树林自然保护区是我国唯一地处城市腹地的国家级自然保护区,是研究人类活动对红树林生态系统影响的绝佳区域,浮游植物群落则是研究水生态系统健康状况的重要指示类群。近年来随着深圳市治水攻坚行动的贯彻实施,红树林水生态系统健康状况有待进一步查明。于2023年9月对福田红树林浮游植物及环境因子等进行了调查分析。结果表明,福田红树林保护区水质属于Ⅲ类水,处于中度富营养化状态。共检出122种浮游植物,浮游植物密度介于(0.02~122.21)×10^(6)个·L^(-1),平均为(1.04±3.05)×10^(7)个·L^(-1);生物量介于18.04~999.71μg·L^(-1),平均为(264.93±292.49)μg·L^(-1)。多数优势种为中-富营养指示种或喜好在有机质丰富的水体中生活的种类,反映了调查水域仍存在一定程度的富营养化。红树林林区和基围鱼塘间的浮游植物群落结构存在显著性差异。pH、电导率和盐度是影响调查区域浮游植物群落丰度、生物量和多样性的最重要环境因子。总体上福田红树林保护区水生态环境质量需进一步改善。The Futian National Mangrove Nature Reserve in Guangdong,the only national-level natural reserve located in the urban hinterland in China,is best for studying the impact of human activities on the mangrove ecosystem.The phytoplankton community is an important indicator group for studying the health status of the aquatic ecosystem.In recent years,with the im-plementation of Shenzhen's water treatment and pollution control actions,the health status of the mangrove aquatic ecosystem needs further study.In September 2023,we carried out an investigation and analysis on the phytoplankton in Futian mangroves and environmental factors.The results indicate that the water quality in the Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve was classified as Class III,showing a state of moderate eutrophication.A total of 122 planktonic plant species were identified,with densities ran-ging from 0.02×10^(6) to 122.21×10^(6) cells·L^(-1)[(1.04±3.05)×10^(7) cells·L^(-1) on average]and biomass from 18.04 to 999.71μg·L^(-1)[(264.93±292.49)μg·L^(-1) on average].The majority of dominant species were indicative of meso-eutrophic conditions or were types that preferred water bodies rich in organic matter,reflecting that the survey waters still exhibit a certain degree of eutrophi-cation.Significant differences in planktonic community structure were observed between mangrove forests and surrounding fish ponds.The pH,electrical conductivity and salinity were identified as key environmental factors influencing planktonic com-munity abundance,biomass,and diversity in the survey area.In general,the aquatic ecological environment in the Futian Man-grove Reserve needs further improvement.

关 键 词：红树林湿地 浮游植物 群落结构 优势种 环境影响因子 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学] S937[农业科学—渔业资源]