景德镇瓷业信仰体系分析  

An Analysis of the Belief System in Jingdezhen’s Porcelain Industry

作　　者：赵子婧 Zhao Zijing(Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学,上海200433

出　　处：《西部学刊》2025年第7期125-129,共5页Journal of Western

摘　　要：景德镇作为中国瓷都,在陶瓷制作悠久历史与独特瓷器文化的背景下,瓷业发展对当地经济、居民信仰及地方文化认同产生了深远影响。随着制瓷业繁盛与地方经济的发展,在当地催生了丰富多彩的神灵信仰体系,这一信仰体系既包含诸如师主赵慨、风火仙师童宾、大器匣钵行业神钱大元帅等本地瓷业行业神,体现行业特色与工匠精神的传承,又融合如华光神、玄帝、关帝、天后娘娘等外来神灵信仰,展现了文化交流的广泛性与包容性。景德镇瓷业信仰中多神并存现象的根源在于:制瓷业高度依赖手工操作,受多种因素影响具有不确定性,基于对自然力量的敬畏与无奈,窑民们将希望寄托于神灵;清朝时期大量移民涌入景德镇,带来了各自的地域文化尤其是神灵信仰,与当地的神灵信仰相互影响和融合。景德镇瓷业信仰衍生出了暖窑神、迎神赛会和祀神酬愿等祭祀文化活动,推动了瓷器产业的发展,也在当地扮演着重要的社会文化角色。Jingdezhen,as the Porcelain Capital of China,with a long history of ceramic production and a unique porcelain culture as its backdrop,has seen the development of the porcelain industry exert a profound impact on the local economy,residents’beliefs,and the local cultural identity.With the prosperity of the porcelain industry and the development of the local economy,a rich and diverse system of divine beliefs has been born in the area.This belief system not only includes local porcelain industry gods such as Master Zhao Kai,Wind and Fire Immortal Master Tong Bin,and Grand Marshal Qian,the god of the large container bowl industry,reflecting the inheritance of the industry’s characteristics and the craftsmanship spirit,but also integrates the beliefs in foreign deities such as Huaguang Shen,Xuan Di,Guan Di,and Tianhou Niangniang,demonstrating the extensiveness and inclusiveness of cultural exchanges.The root cause of the coexistence of multiple deities in the porcelain industry beliefs of Jingdezhen lies in the following:the porcelain industry is highly dependent on manual operations,and due to the influence of various factors,the outcome of porcelain production is uncertain.Based on the awe and helplessness towards natural forces,the kiln workers place their hopes in the deities.During the Qing Dynasty,a large number of immigrants flooded into Jingdezhen,bringing with them their respective regional cultures,especially the beliefs in deities,which interacted with and merged into the local divine beliefs.The porcelain industry beliefs in Jingdezhen have given rise to sacrificial cultural activities such as warming the kiln god,god-welcoming festivals,and offering sacrifices to the gods to fulfill vows.These activities have promoted the development of the porcelain industry and also played an important social and cultural role locally.

关 键 词：景德镇瓷业 民间风俗 行业神 地方文化认同 

分 类 号：K892.4[历史地理—民俗学]