虚拟现实手柄操作引导设计对用户体验的影响分析  

AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF VIRTUAL REALITY CONTROLLER GUIDANCE DESIGN ON USER EXPERIENCE

作　　者：刘健[1] 胡蓉 苏菁 LIU JIAN;HU RONG;SU JING

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学艺术与设计学院 [2]广东省未来设计研究院

出　　处：《设计》2025年第6期128-132,共5页Design

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨不同虚拟现实(VR)手柄引导设计对用户操作效率、准确性及认知负荷的影响。通过比较6种不同的引导方案,研究其在虚拟环境下的实际表现,并为未来虚拟现实交互设计提供理论依据和实践指导。实验采用Meta Quest3设备,通过Unity引擎开发实验系统,设计了文字提示、图文提示、图片提示及动态手柄显示等不同引导方式,结合空间锚定和手柄锚定两种界面位置,共收集了16名被试的576次数据。通过操作时间、错误次数、易理解度评分等指标对各个引导方案进行评估,采用方差分析、非参数检验等统计方法进行数据分析。实验结果表明,信息层级对任务完成时间和错误次数具有显著影响,文字提示方案表现最为高效,操作时间最短且错误率最低。在手柄状态方面,动态显示显著减少了任务错误次数,尤其在文字提示条件下,优化效果最为显著。此外,图文结合的引导方式在提升用户理解度方面效果最好,且动态显示进一步增强了其效果。研究结果表明,“文字提示+动态显示”方案在操作效率、易理解度和准确性方面表现优异,推荐作为主要的引导设计方案。相比之下,“图片提示+不显示”方案的效果较差,不宜广泛应用。该研究为虚拟现实交互设计中的引导优化提供了实证依据,并为提高用户体验、降低认知负荷提供了有效的设计指导。This study aims to investigate the impact of different virtual reality(VR)controller guidance designs on user operation efficiency,accuracy,and cognitive load.By comparing six different guidance schemes,the study examines their practical performance in virtual environments and provides theoretical support and practical guidance for future VR interaction design.The experiment was conducted using Meta Quest3 devices and Unity engine to develop the experimental system.Six different guidance methods were designed,including text prompts,text-image prompts,image prompts,and dynamic controller displays,combined with two interface positions:spatial anchoring and controller anchoring.Data from 16 participants,comprising 576 tasks,were collected.The guidance schemes were evaluated using indicators such as operation time,error count,and ease of understanding score,with data analysis performed using ANOVA and non-parametric tests.The experimental results indicate that information hierarchy significantly affects task completion time and error count,with the text prompt scheme being the most efficient,resulting in the shortest operation time and the lowest error rate.Regarding controller status,dynamic display significantly reduced task errors,especially under the text prompt condition,where the optimization effect was most pronounced.Additionally,the text-image combined guidance method was the most effective in improving user understanding,with dynamic display further enhancing its effect.The results show that the"text prompt+dynamic display"scheme excels in operation efficiency,ease of understanding,and accuracy,making it the recommended primary guidance design.In contrast,the"image prompt+no display"scheme proved less effective and is not recommended for widespread use.This study provides empirical evidence for optimizing guidance in VR interaction design and offers effective design guidance for improving user experience and reducing cognitive load.

关 键 词：虚拟现实 手柄引导 用户体验 操作效率 认知负荷 

分 类 号：TB472[一般工业技术—工业设计]