近10 a攀枝花市短时强降水时空分布特征研究  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Short-term Heavy Precipitation in Panzhihua in Recent Ten Years

作　　者：何科 黄楚惠[2] 李永军[1] 廖伟 余谙迪 李玄 HE Ke;HUANG Chuhui;LI Yongjun;LIAO Wei;YU Andi;LI Xuan(Panzhihua Meteorological Service,Panzhihua 617000,China;Sichuan Provincial Meteorological Observatory,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省攀枝花市气象局,攀枝花617000 [2]四川省气象台,成都610072

出　　处：《高原山地气象研究》2025年第1期95-104,共10页Plateau and Mountain Meteorology Research

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2023NSFSC0242);四川省气象局项目(SCQXKJYJXMS202113);攀枝花市气象局自立科研项目(攀气科研〔2023〕3号)。

摘　　要：利用攀枝花2013—2022年5—10月逐小时降水观测资料,统计分析了攀枝花不同强度短时强降水的时空分布特征和短时强降水与海拔高度的关系。结果表明:2013—2022年攀枝花短时强降水由南到北呈现递增变化特征,6—9月短时强降水多发生于西北部,5月和10月短时强降水区域集中特点不明显。近10 a短时强降水频数年际分布不均匀,2017年频数最多,最少为2022年,逐年增幅最大为2016年,减幅最大为2019年;短时强降水每年主要发生在6—9月,5月和10月明显较少;旬变化特征呈现三峰型分布,三个峰值分别出现在6月下旬、7月下旬和9月上旬;日变化特征为明显的单峰型,峰值出现在04:00;短时强降水更容易出现在夜间,白天明显减少。攀枝花不同海拔范围内,平均短时强降水频数和平均年降水量均随海拔升高而增加。Using hourly precipitation observation data of Panzhihua from May to October during the period of 2013—2022,the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of short-term heavy precipitation with different intensities in Panzhihua and the relationship between short-term heavy precipitation and altitude were statistically analyzed.The results show that from 2013 to 2022,the short-term heavy precipitation in Panzhihua showed an increasing change from south to north.The short-term heavy precipitation from June to September mostly occurred in the northwest,and the regional concentration characteristics of short-term heavy precipitation in May and October were not obvious.The interannual distribution of the frequency of short-term heavy precipitation in the past 10 years was uneven.The frequency was the highest in 2017 and the least in 2022.The largest annual increase was in 2016 and the largest decrease was in 2019.The short-term heavy precipitation mainly occurred from June to September,significantly less in May and October.The ten-day variation characteristics showed a tripodal distribution,with the three peaks appeared in late June,late July and early September respectively.The diurnal variation characteristics showed an obvious unimodal type,with the peak appearing at 04:00.Short-term heavy precipitation was more likely to occur at night and significantly reduced during the day.In different altitude ranges of Panzhihua,both the average frequency of short-term heavy precipitation and the average annual precipitation increased with the increase of altitude.

关 键 词：短时强降水 百分位数 空间特征 时间变化 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]