岗梅-广金钱草间作对药材生长和土壤环境的影响  

Effect of intercropping of Ilex asprella(Hook.et Am.)Champ.ex Benth and Desmodium styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.on the growth of medicinal herbs and soil environment

作　　者：李铭浩 黄晓莉 张冰冰 杨全 廖沛然 唐晓敏 LI Minghao;HUANG Xiaoli;ZHANG Bingbing;YANG Quan;LIAO Peiran;TANG Xiaomin(School of Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Standardized Cultivation and Comprehensive Development of Southern Medicines,Guangzhou 510006,China;Key Research Laboratory for Production and Development of Lingnan Medicinal Materials of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station of National Chinese Materia Medica Industry Technology System,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学中药学院,广东广州510006 [2]广东省南药规范化种植与综合开发工程技术研究中心,广东广州510006 [3]国家中医药管理局岭南药材生产与开发重点研究室,广东广州510006 [4]国家中药材产业技术体系广州综合试验站,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广东药科大学学报》2025年第2期113-124,共12页Journal of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University

基　　金：广东省农村科技特派员项目(KTP20210111);广东省农业农村厅项目(156012);广东省中医药局项目(20232088);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(32102467)。

摘　　要：目的探究一年生岗梅-广金钱草间作对药材生长、土壤酶活性及土壤微生物多样性的影响,明确岗梅-广金钱草间作的可行性,为林药立体栽培模式建立提供理论基础和科学依据。方法以广金钱草和岗梅单作为对照,分析不同间作模式对广金钱草和岗梅药材农艺性状、化学成分、土壤酶活性及土壤微生物多样性的影响。结果岗梅-广金钱草不同间作模式较单作不同程度促进了药材生长和广金钱草黄酮类成分的积累。其中,单行间作(A)与五点间作(B)模式广金钱草和岗梅的株高、干质量较单作均有明显增长,B模式显著提高了广金钱草黄酮类成分的积累。间作模式不同程度提高了根际土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶及脲酶的活性。Beta土壤细菌和真菌多样性分析结果表明,广金钱草根际土壤细菌、真菌群落与岗梅根际土壤细菌、真菌群落差异明显,间作能够改变土壤微生物细菌及真菌群落,间作B模式岗梅细菌及真菌扩增子序列变体(amplicon sequence variant,ASV)数达到最大,A模式广金钱草真菌ASV达到最大。结论广金钱草可以与一年生岗梅间作实现空间互补,提升土地资源的利用率,解决粮药争地矛盾。间作B模式能更好地改善土壤酶活性,使得土壤中与固氮等过程有关的细菌与真菌丰度得到显著提高,更有利于岗梅和广金钱草的生长,提升广金钱草药材品质,改善土壤微环境,提升整体经济效益、生态效益。Objective To investigate the effects of annual Ilex asprella(Hook.et Am.)Champ.ex Benth-Desmodium styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.intercropping on the growth of medicinal herbs,soil enzyme activities and soil microbial diversity,and clarify the feasibility of the I.asprella(Hook.et Am.)Champ.ex Benth and D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.Intercropping,so as to provide theoretical basis and scientific basis for establishing a threedimensional cultivation model for forestry and medicine.Methods Using D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.and I.asprella(Hook.et Am.)Champ.ex Benth monoculture as a control,the effects of different intercropping modes on the agronomic traits,chemical composition,soil enzyme activity,and soil microbial diversity of both species were analyzed.Results Various intercropping methods enhanced the yield of medicinal herbs and the accumulation of flavonoids in D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.to differing extents compared to monoculture.Notably,the single-row(A)and five-point(B)intercropping methods showed significant increases in the growth and dry weight of D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.and Ilex asprella(Hook.et Am.)Champ.ex Benth compared to monoculture,with the B method markedly enhancing the accumulation of flavonoids in D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr..Intercropping patterns increased the activity of soil peroxidase,sucrose,and urease in the rhizosphere.Beta soil bacterial and fungal diversity analysis revealed significant differences between the soil bacterial and fungal communities associated with D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.and I.asprella(Hook.et Am.)Champ.ex Benth rhizospheres,intercropping could alter soil microbial,bacterial,and fungal communities.The number of amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)in the B mode of intercropping was the highest,while in the A mode of intercropping,the ASV of D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr was the highest.Conclusion D.styraci folium(Osb.)Merr.can be intercropped with the annual I.asprella(Hook.et Am.)Champ.ex Benth to achieve spatial complementarity,improve the utilization of land resources,and sol

关 键 词：广金钱草 岗梅 间作 土壤酶 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：R931.7[医药卫生—生药学]