基于KJ法-KANO模型的智能家居APP适老化设计研究  

RESEARCH ON THE AGE-FRIENDLY DESIGN OF SMART HOME APPS BASED ON THE KJ METHOD AND KANO MODEL

作　　者：苍慜楠[1] 刘可欣 周伟 CANG MINNAN;LIU KEXIN;ZHOU WEI

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学艺术与设计学院

出　　处：《设计》2025年第3期50-55,共6页Design

基　　金：2023年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(编号:23YJA760004);2023年西安理工大学校人文社会科学研究专项项目(人外与艺术专项)(编号:106-451623007)。

摘　　要：随着我国进入深度老龄化社会,老年用户对智能家居适老化设计的需求增长显著。本研究结合Kano模型与亲和图法(KJ法),深入挖掘老年用户在智能家居App中的关键需求,构建优化设计方案。通过访谈与问卷调研获取需求数据,基于Kano模型进行需求分类,重点确定必备、期望和魅力需求的优先级。进一步结合Better-Worse指数量化各需求对用户满意度的影响,优化设计方案。最终形成“AI家”智能家居App原型,并通过眼动实验和主观满意度问卷评估其可用性与满意度。实验结果显示,“AI家”在操作便捷性、界面可读性和用户体验满意度方面优于对比样本。本研究验证了基于Kano模型的需求分析方法在适老化设计中的可行性,不仅为智能家居产品的适老化设计提供了理论依据,也为未来智能家居的创新设计提供了方向,推动了智能家居领域的社会责任与技术发展双向融合。As China enters a stage of deep aging,the demand for age-friendly smart home designs among elderly users has grown significantly.This study integrates the Kano model with the KJ(affinity)method to deeply analyze the core needs of elderly users in smart home applications,developing an optimized design framework.Through interviews and surveys,we collected user requirements,which were classified using the Kano model to prioritize essential,performance,and attractive needs.By employing the Better-Worse index,we quantified the impact of different needs on user satisfaction,further refining the design framework.An“AI Home”smart home app prototype was then developed and assessed for usability and satisfaction through eyetracking experiments and subjective satisfaction surveys.Experimental results demonstrate that“AI Home”outperformed comparative samples in operational ease,interface readability,and user satisfaction.This research validates the feasibility of using the Kano model in age-friendly design,offering innovative insights and practical value for the development of smart home technologies that bridge the digital divide.

关 键 词：亲和图法 KANO模型 老年用户 智能家居App 可用性测试 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]