止冰前趾对极地破冰船性能的影响  

Effect of Ice Forefoot on the Performance of Polar Icebreakers

作　　者：于海龙 胡始弘 吕成 张晓铭 吴刚[1] YU Hailong;HU Shihong;LYU Cheng;ZHANG Xiaoming;WU Gang(Marine Design and Research Institute of China,Shanghai 200011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究院,上海200011

出　　处：《船舶工程》2025年第3期1-7,共7页Ship Engineering

摘　　要：[目的]止冰前趾是极地破冰船的常见附体,可在一定程度上减少冰块撞击对船体和螺旋桨造成损坏,并对船舶骑上冰进行一定程度的限制,但不可避免会增加冰阻力及敞水阻力。目前,国内外开展止冰前趾各参数对极地破冰船性能影响方面的研究较少。[方法]通过归纳分析国内外现有破冰船参数资料,并结合冰池模型试验直观结果,开展止冰前趾对极地破冰船排冰性能、破冰能力和操纵性等的影响和分析评估。[结果]结果表明:止冰前趾前缘高度是决定止冰前趾排冰效果的关键参数,当实际冰厚超出破冰船有效排冰冰厚范围时,止冰前趾几乎不具备排冰效果,且长期进行高强度冰区作业时,设置极地破冰船止冰前趾利大于弊。[结论]研究结果可为设计人员前期开展极地破冰船止冰前趾的设计提供一定参考。[Purpose]Ice forefoot is a common appendage of polar icebreakers,which to some extent can prevent damage from ice blocks hitting the hull and propeller,and limit the extent to which the ship travels on ice.However,it inevitably increases ice resistance and open water resistance.At present,there is little research at home and abroad on the influence of forefoot parameters on the performance of polar icebreakers.[Method]By summarizing and analyzing the existing icebreaker parameter data at home and abroad,and combining with the visual results of the ice tank model test,the influence of the ice forefoot on the ice discharge performance,ice breaking ability and maneuverability of polar icebreakers have been analyzed and evaluated.[Result]The results show that the height of the ice forefoot is the key parameter to determine the ice discharge effect of the ice forefoot.When the actual ice thickness exceeds the effective discharge thickness range of the icebreaker,the ice forefoot has almost no ice discharge effect.Moreover,for polar icebreakers,which often operate in areas of high ice intensity,the advantages of setting the ice forefoot outweigh the disadvantages.[Conclusion]The research results can provide some reference for designers to design the ice forefoot of polar icebreakers at an early stage.

关 键 词：破冰船 船舶性能 止冰前趾 冰池试验 

分 类 号：U671.99[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]