金砖国家“大而分裂”吗?——西方舆论的迷思及其评判  

Are the BRICS Countries"Big but Divided"?——Critique of the Myth of Western Public Opinion

作　　者：黄日涵 柏瑞山 Huang Rihan;Bai Ruishan

机构地区：[1]华侨大学国际关系学院 [2]华侨大学海上丝绸之路研究院 [3]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)国际战略研究院

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2025年第2期5-27,共23页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“基于‘一带一路’理念传播视角下的新媒体时代增强中国国际话语权研究”(项目批准号:21AGJ007)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：2024年“金砖五国”扩员为“金砖十国”,开启了“大金砖合作”元年,也标志着多赢合作的新起点。然而,西方舆论却鼓吹“金砖分裂论”,认为扩员将放大金砖国家内部的异质性和分歧性,导致组织分裂。这一论调存在明显缺陷。首先,西方舆论假定金砖国家为“人造”的异质性经济概念有“唱衰”之嫌,事实上金砖国家彼此间互补性较强,也都主张世界多极化。其次,金砖国家的经济合作空间不断扩展,为全球经济复苏和全球南方发展做出了突出贡献。最后,西方舆论忽视制度的激励作用。金砖国家合作机制基于求同存异原则,从而为克服“集体行动难题”提供了可能,也在一定程度上减弱了扩员对集体行动力和凝聚力的负面影响。鉴于此,对西方舆论类似论调做出评判,有助于厘清中西话语间的差异,缩小金砖国家实力与其在全球治理中的话语权落差。In 2024,the"BRICS Five"have been expanded to the"BRICS Ten",opening the first year of"Greater BRICS Cooperation"and marking a new starting point for their win-win cooperation.However,the Western public opinion advocates the"BRICS Split Theory",believing that the expansion of the BRICS amplifies its internal heterogeneity and divergence,thereby creating organizational division.This argument has obvious flaws.First,Western public opinion assumes that the BRICS countries are"artificial"heterogeneous economic concepts.Secondly,the economic cooperation space of the BRICS countries is constantly expanding,and their performance of participating in global economic governance is remarkable,making outstanding contributions to the global economic recovery and the development of the Global South.In addition,Western public opinion ignores the incentive effect of institution.Based on the principle of seeking common ground while reserving differences,the BRICS countries have provided a possibility to overcome the"collective action problem",thereby reducing the negative impact of expansion on their action and cohesion.The critique on these arguments in Western public opinion could help to clarify the differences between Chinese and Western discourses and narrow the gap between the strength of the BRICS countries and their discourse power in global governance.

关 键 词：金砖扩员 西方舆论 话语权 全球南方 

分 类 号：D814.1[政治法律—国际关系]