社区老年慢性病患者健康积极度的潜在剖面分析  

Latent profile analysis of health activation amoonngg ccoommmmuunniittyy-dwelling older patients with chronic diseases

作　　者：邓曼 于卫华 张世晴[3] 高蓓蓓 张雨溪 杨侠 Deng Man;Yu Weihua;Zhang Shiqing;Gao Beibei;Zhang Yuxi;Yang Xia(School of Nursing,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230601,China;The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University(The First People's Hospital of Hefei),Hefei 230061,China;School of Nursing,Bengbu Medical University,Bengbu 233030,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学护理学院,合肥230601 [2]安徽医科大学第三附属医院(合肥市第一人民医院),合肥230061 [3]蚌埠医科大学护理学院,蚌埠233030

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2025年第12期1604-1611,共8页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2008802);安徽医科大学护理学院研究生青苗培育项目(hlqm12024081)。

摘　　要：目的探讨社区老年慢性病患者健康积极度的潜在类别并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,于2023年8-12月选取合肥市3所社区卫生服务中心就诊的老年慢性病患者为研究对象,使用一般资料调查表、公众健康积极指数量表、汉化版生活空间测评量表、社会支持评定量表和简易应对方式量表进行调查。应用Mplus8.3软件进行潜在剖面分析调查患者健康积极度,并采用无序多分类Logistic回归探讨患者健康积极度不同类别的影响因素。结果共发放问卷382份,回收有效问卷368份,问卷有效回收率为96.34%。社区老年慢性病患者健康积极度存在3种潜在类别,分别命名为低健康积极-高效能-应对无力组(16.85%,62/368)、中等健康积极度组(27.99%,103/368)和高积极感知-行动组(55.16%,203/368)。多分类Logistic回归分析显示,居住地、年龄、自评健康、生活空间、社会支持、积极应对是不同潜在类别社区老年慢性病患者健康积极度的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论社区老年慢性病患者健康积极度可分为3个潜在类别,初级卫生保健人员应识别不同类别患者的特征并给予针对性的护理干预措施,以提升患者的健康积极度水平。Objective To explore the latent categories and influencing factors of health activation among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases.Methods Older patients with chronic diseases attending three community health centers in Hefei City from August to December 2023 were selected for the study using the convenience sampling method.The survey utilized the General Information Questionnaire,Consumer Health Activation Index,Chinese version of the Life-Space Assessment,Social Support Rating Scale,and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire.Mplus 8.3 software was applied for latent profile analysis to examine patients'health activation,and unordered multicategory Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing different categories of health activation.Results A total of 382 questionnaires were distributed,and 368 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a valid recovery rate of 96.34%.Three latent categories of health activation existed in community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases,which were named as low health activation-high efficiency-coping inability group(16.85%,62/368),medium health activation group(27.99%,103/368),and high activation perception-action group(55.16%,203/368).Multicategory logistic regression analysis indicated that place of residence,age,self-rated health status,life space,social support,and active coping strategies were significant factors influencing the health activation of different latent categories of community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases(all P<0.05).Conclusions The health activation of community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases can be classified into three latent categories.Primary healthcare providers should identify the characteristics of patients in different categories and implement targeted nursing interventions to enhance their health activation levels.

关 键 词：老年人 社区 慢性病 积极度 生活空间 潜在剖面分析 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]