海绵的化学成分及生物活性研究进展  

Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Sponges

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作  者:高慧敏 鲁建琪 刘晓丹 杨涛 赵延宁 赵佳琳 张丽文 丁钰洁 石晓蕾 路小光 赵晓伟 GAO Hui-min;LU Jian-qi;LIU Xiao-dan;YANG Tao;ZHAO Yan-ning;ZHAO Jia-lin;ZHANG Li-wen;DING Yu-jie;SHI Xiao-lei;LU Xiao-guang;ZHAO Xiao-wei(Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute,Yantai 264000,China)

机构地区:[1]烟台市海洋经济研究院,山东烟台264000

出  处:《食品与药品》2025年第2期I0008-I0019,共12页Food and Drug

基  金:烟台市重点研发计划(编号:2019MSGY126);烟台市乡村振兴专家服务基地建设项目。

摘  要:海绵具有独特的生物结构,含多种次生代谢产物,是海洋天然产物的最佳来源。因具有过滤和清除海水有机质等特性,也是修复和监测近海养殖水域的理想生物。海绵中化学成分主要包括萜类(倍半萜、二萜、三萜)、甾体类、生物碱类、肽类和核苷类等,这些化学成分具有多种生物活性,如抗菌、抗炎和免疫调节等,显示出较高的临床应用价值。本文对海绵中天然产物的化学成分和生物活性研究现状进行了综述,以冀为新药开发提供依据。此外,还对海绵的后续研究方向进行了讨论,提出了治疗鱼类疾病的可能。Sponges have unique biological structures and contain a variety of secondary metabolites.They are the best source of marine natural products and suitable organisms for repairing and monitoring offshore aquaculture waters due to their properties of filtering and removing organic matters from seawater.The main chemical components in the sponges are terpenoids(sesquiterpenes,diterpenes,triterpenes),steroids,alkaloids,peptides and nucleosides,etc.These components have a variety of biological activities,such as antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activities,etc.,showing high clinical application values.This paper reviews the chemical constituents and biological activities of natural products in sponges in order to provide a basis for new drug development.In addition,the research directions for sponges are discussed,and the potential for treating fish diseases is also proposed.

关 键 词:海绵 化学成分 生物活性 药物开发 

分 类 号:R931.77[医药卫生—生药学]

 

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