挖掘机驾驶室与机外辐射噪声相关性分析  

Analysis of excavator cab and external radiated noise

作　　者：居世昊 冯涛 王飞 嵇秋池 JU Shihao;FENG Tao;WANG Fei;JI Qiuchi(XCMG Excavation Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Xuzhou 221001,Jiangsu,China;School of Mechatronic Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221001,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州徐工挖掘机械有限公司,江苏徐州221001 [2]中国矿业大学机电工程学院,江苏徐州221001

出　　处：《中国工程机械学报》2025年第1期179-183,共5页Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFB1709900)。

摘　　要：某型挖掘机试制新风扇时,低挡位出现机外辐射噪声改善、驾驶室噪声退化现象,与常理不符。考虑驾驶室低频共振所致,故通过试验研究新旧风扇对驾驶室、机外辐射噪声的影响,并结合发动机、驾驶室振动进行分析。试验结果表明:七叶组合镰刀式风扇对发动机降噪明显,性能优越,在车窗玻璃、驾驶室降噪上表现良好,降低1.5 dB左右。但其在1 350 r/min声压级突增,隔振退化明显,较差于六叶等截面直叶式。经分析,此转速下板件振动能量过大,产生共振现象,其向驾驶室内发射低频噪声,其他转速段驾驶室、机外辐射噪声仍呈正相关。采用七叶组合镰刀式风扇可以有效改善热平衡性能,水温、液压油温度、机油温度均无超标风险,机舱前后温度分别为76.5、76.7℃,控制良好,改进效果明显。During the trial production of a new fan for a certain excavator,the radiated noise outside the machine was improved at the low gear,and the cab noise was degraded,which was inconsistent with the common sense.Considering the low-frequency resonance of the cab,the influence of new and old fans on the cab and the radiated noise outside the cab is studied through experiments,and the vibration of the engine and cab is analyzed.The test results show that the seven leaf sickle fan can significantly reduce the noise of the engine,and its performance is superior.It can reduce the noise of the window glass and the cab by about 1.5 dB.However,its sound pressure level increased suddenly at 1350 r/min,and the vibration isolation degradation was obvious,which was worse than the six leaf straight face type.Through analysis,the vibration energy of the plate at this speed is too large,resulting in resonance,which emits low-frequency noise to the cab,and the radiated noise outside the cab at other speed segments is still positively correlated.The seven leaf sickle fan can effectively improve the thermal balance performance.The water temperature,hydraulic oil temperature and engine oil temperature have no risk of exceeding the standard.The temperatures in front of and behind the engine room are 76.5℃ and 76.7℃,respectively.The control is good and the improvement effect is obvious.

关 键 词：噪声 试验 共振 热平衡 

分 类 号：TU621[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]