街区空间PM_(2.5)浓度分布及其与街区空间形态的关联性研究  

Study on Spatial Distribution of PM_(2.5)Concentration in Urban Blocks and Its Correlation with Block Shapes

作　　者：王薇 伍君奇[1] WANG Wei;WU Junqi(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China;College of Architecture and Art,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China;Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Digitalized Conservation and Innovative Revitalization of Ancient Huizhou Villages,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]合肥工业大学建筑与艺术学院,安徽合肥230601 [3]徽州古村落数字化保护与传承创意安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《环境监测管理与技术》2025年第2期7-14,共8页The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52478016);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2308085ME182);安徽省重点研究与开发计划基金资助项目(2023g07020003);安徽省高校协同创新基金资助项目(GXXT-2023-091)。

摘　　要：城市街区不同空间形态对街区空间PM_(2.5)质量浓度的影响存在显著差异。选取合肥市云谷路为研究对象,通过监测沿街空间的PM_(2.5)质量浓度、空气温度、相对湿度和风速等数据,揭示街区PM_(2.5)质量浓度的时空分布特征。在此基础上选取开敞度、退让距离、迎风面积比、平均高度、天空开阔度5项空间形态设计指标,分析其与PM_(2.5)质量浓度之间的关联性。结果表明:街区空间PM_(2.5)逐时质量浓度变化曲线整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势,波峰出现在11:30前后,波谷出现在16:30前后,受早晚高峰期车流量影响显著;开敞度、天空开阔度与PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈负相关关系,迎风面积比、平均高度与PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈正相关关系;空间形态设计指标对PM_(2.5)质量浓度变化的贡献度从高到低为天空开阔度(49.0%)>平均高度(19.6%)>开敞度(16.4%)>迎风面积比(15.0%)。There are significant differences in PM_(2.5)mass concentration in different spatial shapes of urban blocks.Yungu Road in Hefei was selected as the research object,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of PM_(2.5)mass concentration were studied by monitoring PM_(2.5)mass concentration,air temperature,relative humidity in urban blocks.On this basis,five spatial shape design indexes,including openness,setback distance,windward area ratio,average height and sky openness were selected to analyze the correlation between them and PM_(2.5)mass concentration.The results indicated that the change curve of hourly PM_(2.5)mass concentration in the block showed an trend of first increasing and then decreasing,with the peak appearing around 11:30 and the trough appearing around 16:30,which was significantly affected by the traffic flow during morning and evening rush hours.Openness and sky openness were negatively correlated with PM_(2.5)mass concentration,while windward area ratio and average height were positively correlated with PM_(2.5)mass concentration.The contribution rate of spatial shape design index to PM_(2.5)mass concentration was ranked from high to low as sky openness(49.0%),average height(19.6%),openness(16.4%),windward area ratio(15.0%).

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 城市街区 空间形态 设计指标 贡献度 合肥市云谷路 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]