采煤沉陷区表层水及沉积物中微塑料的赋存特征  

Characteristics of Microplastics in Surface Water and Sediments in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas

作　　者：王尧 王宁[1,2] 张宇 郑刘根 潘晓雪[1] WANG Yao;WANG Ning;ZHANG Yu;ZHENG Liugen;PAN Xiaoxue(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China;Anhui Laboratory of Mining Ecological Restoration Engineering,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽省矿山生态修复工程实验室,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《环境监测管理与技术》2025年第2期51-56,共6页The Administration and Technique of Environmental Monitoring

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42072201);安徽高校协同创新基金资助项目(GXXT-2021-017)。

摘　　要：以淮南市采煤沉陷区为研究对象,分析表层水和沉积物中微塑料的分布特征、来源和风险。结果表明:研究区表层水中微塑料丰度为833个/m^(3)~2750个/m^(3),粒径以0.5 mm~1 mm为主,占比为33.53%,形状以纤维状为主,占比为72.17%,颜色以蓝色为主,占比为61.38%;沉积物中微塑料丰度为30个/kg~91个/kg,粒径以1 mm~2 mm为主,占比为32.19%,形状以纤维状为主,占比为89.99%,颜色以蓝色为主,占比为70.37%。研究区微塑料主要成分为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(37.23%)和聚酰胺(30.98%),可能来源于纤维类生产、生活用品;沉陷湖泊微塑料的污染风险等级不高于Ⅱ级,风险较小。Taking a coal mining subsidence area in Huainan as the research subject,the distribution characteristics,sources and risks of microplastics in surface water and sediments were analyzed.The results showed that in the surface water of the study area,the abundance of microplastics ranged from 833 pieces/m^(3)to 2750 pieces/m^(3),the particle size was mainly between 0.5 mm and 1 mm,accounting for 33.53%.The main shape was fibrous,accounting for 72.17%,and the main color was blue,accounting for 61.38%.In the sediments,the abundance of microplastics ranged from^(3)0 pieces/kg to 91 pieces/kg,the particle size was mainly between 1 mm and 2 mm,accounting for 32.19%.The main shape was fibrous,accounting for 89.99%,and the main color was blue,accounting for 70.37%.The main components of microplastics in the study area were polyethylene terephthalate(37.23%)and polyamide(30.98%),which might come from fiber production and daily necessities.The pollution risk of microplastics in the sinkholes did not exceed levelⅡ,indicating a relatively low risk.

关 键 词：微塑料 分布特征 风险等级 表层水 沉积物 采煤沉陷区 

分 类 号：X502[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4