试析拜登政府推动台湾问题“国际化”的举措及其局限  

An Analysis of the Biden Administration's Efforts and Their Limits in Promoting the“Internationalization”of the Taiwan Question

作　　者：周文星 刁国轩 ZHOU Wenxing;DIAO Guoxuan

机构地区：[1]南京大学国际关系学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《台湾研究集刊》2025年第2期1-17,共17页Taiwan Research Journal

基　　金：2023年度国家社科基金重大项目“坚持和完善‘一国两制’制度体系研究”(23ZDA120)。

摘　　要：台湾问题“国际化”因拜登政府以空前力度大打“台湾牌”而成为一个热点议题。台湾问题“国际化”包含维持台湾地区的“国际存在”和推动台湾问题的“国际处置”其历史演进的总体趋势与中美战略竞争态势密切相关。主政期间,拜登政府着力于从话语“合法性”塑造、政策立法支持、盟伴体系支撑、稳固台当局“邦交”、多元议题拓展等五个层面协同发力,力推台湾问题“国际化”,其核心动因既包括强化美国同盟管理、配合岛内民进党当局“亲美抗中”议程的短期考量,也具有旨在服务美国对华战略竞争与美国霸权护持的中长期安排。但美台诉求差异、地区内外国家对美国涉台政策的审慎立场,尤其是中国政府推进祖国统一的坚定意志与强大能力,将约束台湾问题“国际化”的未来走向。特朗普就任美国总统,也将对拜登政府力推的台湾问题“国际化”议程构成重大影响。The“internationalization”of the Taiwan question has become a hot topic due to the Biden administration's unprecedented efforts to play the“Taiwan card”.The“internationalization”of the Taiwan region question includes the maintenance of Taiwan's“international presence”and the advocation for the“international resolution”.The overall trend of its historical evolution is closely related to the strategic competition between China and U.S..The Biden administration implemented a multifaceted strategy to promote the“internationalization”of the Taiwan question,including the construction of“discourse legitimacy”,legislative support,the mobilization of the U.S.alliance system,attempts to consolidate Taiwan's“diplomatic allies”,and the expansion into multiple issue-areas.Their underlying motivations are driven by a combination of short-term considerations to strengthen U.S.alliance systems and align with the Democratic Progressive Party's“pro-America and anti-China”agendas.Additionally,there are medium-to-long-term strategic objectives aimed at serving U.S.strategic competition with China and maintaining U.S.hegemony.However,several factors will constrain the future direction of the“internationalization”of the Taiwan question.These include the divergent interests between the U.S.and Taiwan authorities,the cautious stance of countries both inside and outside the region toward U.S.Taiwan policy,and,most importantly,China's unwavering determination and formidable capabilities to advance national reunification.Additionally,the election of Donald Trump could introduce significant challenges to the U.S.agenda of“internationalization”of the Taiwan question.

关 键 词：拜登政府 台湾问题“国际化” 中美战略竞争 美台关系 两岸关系 

分 类 号：D822.371.2[政治法律—政治学]