印度政商关系的互动模式、趋势及影响——一种政治市场的视角  

Modalities,Trends and Impacts of Political-Business Relations in India:A Political Market Perspective

作　　者：楼春豪[1] Lou Chunhao

机构地区：[1]中国现代国际关系研究院

出　　处：《南亚研究》2025年第1期51-73,158,159,共25页South Asian Studies

摘　　要：印度的政商关系在不同阶段呈现出不同的特征,反映的是政党为主的政治力量和财团代表的经济力量之间的互动关系。经济活动对政治权力相当程度的依附性、政治制度的寻租漏洞、选举政治的高成本运作等导致了印度政治市场的产生和发展,提供了政治力量和经济力量相互交易的条件。当前及今后一段时间,印度政商关系将呈现互动关系更紧、利益聚合度更高、跨界融合更多的趋势,但也可能会滋生并加剧市场竞争不公平、贫富差距拉大和政治腐败加重等问题。当然,印度政治力量和经济力量的诉求并非完全一致,加之政治力量内部各派政治势力、经济力量内部财团与中小微企业等之间也有矛盾,对印度政治市场的运作产生了制约性影响。Political-business relations in India exhibit different characteristics at different stages,reflecting the interaction between political forces that are dominated by political parties and economic forces represented by commercial inserts.The substantial dependence of economic activities on political power,loopholes enabling rent-seeking behavior in the political system,and the high-cost of electoral politics have led to the emergence and development of India's political market,providing conditions for the exchange between political forces and economic forces.At present and for the foreseeable future,India's political-business relations will trend towards closer interactions across and a higher degree of consolidation of interests.While so,this may also exacerbate problems such as unfair market competition,a widening income gap,and increased political corruption.While so,the demands of political and economic forces in India are not entirely aligned,and there are contradictions across various political factions and economic interest groups,particularly vis-à-vis small and medium sized enterprises.This will significantly restrict the operation of Indian political market.

关 键 词：政治市场 印度 政商关系 国家治理能力 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学] D815