北京市2019年和2023年4~6年级小学生烟草监测结果分析  

Analysis on tobacco surveillance results among primary school students in grades 4-6 in Beijing in 2019 and 2023

作　　者：秦冉 郭欣[1] 王一凡 赵金辉[1] QIN Ran;GUO Xin;WANG Yi-fan;ZHAO Jin-hui(School Health Department,Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所,北京100013 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院/生育健康研究所,北京100191

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2025年第3期222-226,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：北京市卫生健康委员会高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(领军人才-01-09)。

摘　　要：目的分析2019年和2023年北京市4~6年级小学生烟草监测结果,为小学无烟学校建设提供参考。方法采用2019年和2023年北京市学校人群烟草监测数据,以尝试吸烟率为关键指标计算4~6年级小学生初始样本含量,采用PPS抽样方法在全市范围内分别抽取小学监测点校,各点校随机抽取班级,直至满足4~6年级小学生样本量。2019年监测7732名小学生,2023年监测10171名小学生,监测内容包括人口学信息、二手烟暴露、烟草制品使用、烟草认知等。采用匿名在线自填问卷的方式进行现场调查。结果尝试吸烟率由5.11%(95%CI:4.63~5.62)降至2.79%(95%CI:2.48~3.13),现在吸烟率由1.62%(95%CI:1.35~1.92)降至0.35%(95%CI:0.25~0.49),尝试吸电子烟率由3.62%(95%CI:3.22~4.06)降至2.10%(95%CI:1.83~2.40),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别、室内二手烟暴露、吸好朋友递烟、长大后会吸烟、尝试吸电子烟为两年共同的尝试吸烟影响因素。2019年(OR=0.070,95%CI:0.051~0.095)和2023年(OR=0.038,95%CI:0.027~0.053)不尝试吸电子烟的小学生均尝试吸烟率更低。结论2023年北京市在校4~6年级小学生二手烟暴露改善,尝试吸烟率、尝试吸电子烟率下降,应持续保护小学生远离室内二手烟暴露,继续加强传统卷烟、电子烟等烟草制品同防同治。Objective To analyze the tobacco monitoring results of senior primary school students in grades 4-6in Beijing in 2019 and 2023,and to provide reference for the construction of smoke-free primary schools.Methods Tobacco monitoring data from school populations in Beijing in 2019 and 2023 were used.The initial sample size of senior primary school students in grades 4-6 was calculated using the attempt smoking rate as the key indicator.PPS sampling method was used to select primary schools throughout the city,and classes were randomly selected from each school until the sample numbers of senior primary school students in grades 4-6 were reached.In 2019 and 2023,7732 and 10171 primary school students were monitored,and the data of demographic information,second-hand smoke exposure,tobacco product use,and tobacco awareness were collected.An on-site survey with anonymous online self-filled questionnaire was conducted.Results The attempted smoking rate decreased from 5.11%(95%CI:4.63-5.62)to 2.79%(95%CI:2.48-3.13).The current smoking rate decreased from 1.62%(95%CI:1.35-1.92)to 0.35%(95%CI:0.25-0.49).The attempted smoking e-cigarette rate decreased from 3.62%(95%CI:3.22-4.06)to 2.10%(95%CI:1.83-2.40).The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Gender,indoor exposure to second-hand smoke,smoking from good friends,smoking when adulthood,and attempting to smoke e-cigarettes were common influencing factors for smoking attempts in the two separated years.Primary school students without attempting to smoke e-cigarettes in 2019(OR=0.070,95%CI:0.051-0.095)and 2023(OR-0.038,95%CI:0.027-0.053)had lower rates of attempting to smoke.Conclusion In 2023,the second-hand smoke exposure in senior primary school students in grades 4-6 in Beijing was improved,and the rates of attempting to smoke and attempting to smoke e-cigarettes were decreased.It is necessary to continue to protect primary school students from indoor second-hand smoke exposure and strengthen the coordinated prevention of traditional cigarettes,e-cigarettes an

关 键 词：小学 烟草监测 二手烟暴露 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]