我国中老年人慢性病患病率区域差异与卫生资源相关性研究  

Study on the Correlation between Regional Differences in the Prevalence of Chronic Diseases among Middle-Aged and Elderly People and Health Resources in China

作　　者：杨世兰 王永强 陈珂瑄 刘玉琢 王冉 罗盛 李伟 秘玉清 Yang Shilan(School of Public Health,Shandong Second Medical University,Weifang,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053 [2]山东第二医科大学管理学院

出　　处：《中国卫生事业管理》2025年第2期223-228,共6页Chinese Health Service Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“整体健康管理视角下老年社区慢性病管理系统脆弱性分析及管理策略研究:以山东省为例”((71774119);山东省自然科学基金面上项目基金“‘互联网+’背景下社区老年慢性病管理评估与优化路径研究”(ZR2023MG019);山东省自然科学基金面上项目基金“农村互助养老服务有效供给协同困境及其治理路径研究:以山东省为例”(ZR2023MG004)。

摘　　要：目的:分析我国中老年人慢性病患病率及患病种类区域差异,探讨中老年人慢性病患病率与卫生资源配置公平性的相关关系,为中老年人慢性病预防与控制提供依据。方法:对2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据进行筛选、整理及统计分析,选取14295名45岁及以上的中老年人作为研究对象,选取卫生资源相关指标作为自变量,对我国中老年人慢性病患病率与卫生资源配置公平性进行线性回归。结果:东中西部在慢性病患病率(χ^(2)=57.302,P<0.01)、患病数量(χ^(2)=102.074,P<0.01)方面存在差异;在慢性病患病种类方面,15种常见慢性病中仅高血压(χ^(2)=3.57,P=0.17)、恶性肿瘤(χ^(2)=4.25,P=0.12)与帕金森症(χ^(2)=4.63,P=0.10)患病率的差异无统计学意义。卫生资源公平性分析中,我国东中西部卫生资源配置不均衡,卫生资源配置存在区域差异。线性回归结果显示,我国中老年人慢性病患病率与医疗机构、卫生技术人员、政府财政支出、社会卫生支出的配置公平性有关。结论:东中西部慢性病患病率区域差异显著,需统筹协作降低慢性病患病率;卫生资源配置公平性存在差异,应因地制宜合理高效配置卫生资源;慢性病患病率与卫生资源配置公平性密切相关,促进资源优化配置以降低慢性病患病率。Objective To analyze the regional differences in the prevalence and types of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly people in China,explore the correlation between the prevalence of chronic diseases and equity in health resource allocation,and provide basis for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods Data from the 2020 China Health and Aged Care Tracking Survey(CHARLS) were screened,organized and statistically analyzed.14295 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above were selected for the study.Health resource-related indicators were selected as independent variables,and linear regression was performed on the prevalence of chronic diseases and the equity of health resource allocation among middle-aged and elderly people in China.Results There were differences in the prevalence of chronic diseases(χ^(2)=57.302,P<0.01) and the number of diseases(χ^(2)=102.074,P<0.01) in the east,center and west.In terms of the types of chronic diseases,among the 15 common chronic diseases,only hypertension(χ^(2)=3.570,P=0.17) malignant tumors(χ^(2)=4.25,P=0.12)and Parkinson's disease(χ^(2)=4.63,P=0.10).In the equity analysis of health resources,there is an imbalance in the allocation of health resources in the east,central and west of China,and there are regional differences in the allocation of health resources.Linear regression results showed that the prevalence of chronic diseases among middle-aged and elderly people in China was related to the equitability of the allocation of medical institutions,health technicians,government financial expenditures,and social health expenditures.Conclusion There are significant regional differences in the prevalence of chronic diseases in the east,central and western regions,and there is a need for coordinated efforts to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases.There are differences in the equity of health resource allocation,and health resources should be allocated rationally and efficiently according to local conditio

关 键 词：中老年人 慢性病 区域差异 卫生资源 公平性 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]