2024年北京市东城区≥60岁老年人流感疫苗素养及其影响因素调查  

Influenza vaccine literacy and factors influencing literacy among people≥60 years of age in Dongcheng district of Beijing in 2024

作　　者：薛锦锋 苏凤华[1] 韩笑 周国营 李建国 齐中伟 戴威[1] Xue Jinfeng;Su Fenghua;Han Xiao;Zhou Guoying;Li Jianguo;Qi Zhongwei;Dai Wei(Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100009,China;Hepingli Community Health Service Center,Dongcheng District,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心,北京100009 [2]北京市和平里社区卫生服务中心,北京100013

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2025年第1期26-30,共5页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的探讨老年人流感疫苗(Influenza vaccine,InfV)素养水平及影响因素。方法2024年9-11月对北京市东城区3个街道7个社区≥60岁居民开展便利抽样问卷调查,分析InfV素养比例及其影响因素。结果研究对象总体InfV素养比例为43.02%(345/802),其中知识素养、能力素养和决策素养比例分别为72.82%、48.25%和48.50%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,全职/兼职者总体素养比例高于离退休者、未患慢性疾病者高于患有慢性疾病者、近1年未住院者高于住院者、隔年/不定期接种InfV者低于每年接种者、无家人支持者低于有家人支持者[OR(95%CI):1.96(1.22~3.14)、1.48(1.06~2.07)、1.60(1.00~2.55)、0.49(0.34~0.69)、0.19(0.11~0.32)]。结论研究地区老年人具有一定InfV素养水平;需对不同特征老年人群实施针对性健康教育策略。Objective To explore literacy of people≥60 years of age about influenza vaccine(InfV),and factors influencing literacy.Methods We selected a convenience sample of≥60-year-old residents from 7 communities in 3 sub-districts of Dongcheng district,Beijing between September and November 2024 for a questionnaire-based survey.We calculated proportions of residents who were literate about vaccines and identified factors influencing literacy.Results Among 802 respondents,43.02%(345)were literate about InfV,with 72.82%,48.25%,and 48.50%literate in knowledge,ability,and decision-making,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the overall literacy level was higher among full-/part-time residents than among retirees,was higher among people without chronic disease than among those with chronic disease,was higher for people who had not been hospitalized in the past year than for those who had been,was lower for people receiving InfV every other year or not at all than for people receiving InfV every year,and was lower for individuals lacking family support than individuals with family support[respective ORs(95%CIs):1.96(1.22-3.14),1.48(1.06-2.07),1.60(1.00-2.55),0.49(0.34-0.69),and 0.19(0.11-0.32)].Conclusions There were varying levels of InfV literacy among elderly people in the surveyed area.It is necessary to implement targeted health education strategies for elderly people with characteristics associated with low literacy about InfV.

关 键 词：流感 流感疫苗 疫苗接种 疫苗素养 影响因素 老年人 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.62[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]