金属钨材料高效循环再造技术前瞻及发展建议  

Prospeets and Development Recommendations for Efficient Recycling and Re-manufacturing of Tungsten Metal Materials

作　　者：席晓丽[1,2] 张力文[1] 聂祚仁[1,2] XI Xiaoli;ZHANG Liwen;NIE Zuoren(National Key Laboratory of Materials Low-carbon Recycling,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Capital Resource-Recycling Material Technology,College of Materials Science and Engineering,BeijingUniversityof Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学材料循环低碳再生全国重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院首都资源循环材料技术省部共建协同创新中心,北京100124

出　　处：《前瞻科技》2025年第1期92-99,共8页Science and Technology Foresight

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3811800);国家杰出青年科学基金(52025042)。

摘　　要：钨作为关键战略金属,广泛应用于国防、新能源等领域。随着全球资源短缺与需求增长矛盾加剧,传统开采难以满足需求,钨资源循环利用成为保障可持续供应的核心路径,兼具经济价值与生态意义。钨二次资源回收技术可分为化学冶金法和物理冶金法,其中熔盐电解等新兴技术展现出高效清洁循环潜力,但仍面临回收效率低、能耗高及污染控制等瓶颈。针对这些问题,文章提出多维度发展策略:重点突破熔盐电解技术的工程化应用,开发低能耗高效回收体系;强化政策扶持与国际技术协作,构建标准化回收网络;推进智能化分选与自动化提纯装备研发,提升全流程技术能效。通过技术创新与产业协同,钨资源循环体系有望实现规模化应用,可缓解资源约束压力,还将推动全球钨产业绿色转型,为资源可持续利用提供实践范本。Tungsten,as a critical strategic metal,is widely used in defence,new energy,and other fields.With the intensifying contradiction between global resource shortage and growing demand,traditional mining methods struggle to meet requirements.Consequently,tungsten resource recycling has become a core pathway to ensure sustainable supply,integrating economic value with ecological significance.Secondary tungsten resource recovery technologies can be categorized into chemical metallurgy and physical metallurgy methods.Emerging technologies like molten salt electrolysis demonstrate potential for efficient and clean recycling,yet they still face bottlenecks such as low recovery efficiency,high energy consumption,and pollution control challenges.To address these issues,multidimensional development strategies were proposed,including prioritizing breakthroughs in the engineering application of molten salt electrolysis and developing low-energy and high-efficiency recovery systems;strengthening policy support and international technical collaboration to establish standardized recycling networks;advancing intelligent sorting and automated purification equipment to enhance the technical efficiency of the entire process.Through technological innovation and industrial synergy,the tungsten resource recycling system is expected to achieve large-scale application.This will not only alleviate resource constraints but also drive the global tungsten industry's green transformation,providing a practical paradigm for sustainable resource development.

关 键 词：钨二次资源 熔盐电化学 高效循环再造 钨材料高值化利用 

分 类 号：TF841.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF841.3