贵州省农民HIV/AIDS病例的流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of HIV cases among farmers in Guizhou Province

作　　者：陈秀林 袁智[2] 姚永明[2] 陶锐[2] 马琳 王大朋[1] 郑敏 CHEN Xiu-lin;YUAN Zhi;YAO Yong-ming;TAO Rui;MA Lin;WANG Da-peng;ZHENG Min(School of Public Health and Wellness,The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Surveillance,Ministry of Education,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang,Guizhou 561113,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳561113 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第5期769-773,785,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2304901)。

摘　　要：目的 分析贵州省农民HIV感染者病例的流行病学特征,为制定艾滋病防控策略提供科学依据。方法 从中国艾滋病综合防治信息系统中选取2010-2022年贵州省报告的农民艾滋病病例数据,采用描述流行病学方法分析其流行特征,以年度为自变量、病例数为因变量构建线性回归模型分析其变化趋势。结果 2010-2022年贵州省报告农民HIV/AIDS病例47 811例,占总病例数的60.40%,报告病例数呈上升趋势(AAPC=23.10%)。病例的男女比为2∶1;年龄以50岁以上为主,占56.55%,各年龄组病例变化整体均呈上升趋势。传播途径以异性传播为主,占97.74%,其中男性(49.01%)和女性(61.50%)均以非商业异性性行为主;样本来源主要以医疗机构检测为主(76.56%);晚发现比例达74.97%。结论 2010-2022年贵州省农民HIV/AIDS报告病例数呈上升趋势,以老年病例为主,晚发现病例比例高,文化程度偏低,异性性接触为主要传播途径,以非商业异性性行为为主。农民HIV/AIDS疫情应引起重视,需结合该人群的特点,探索针对农民的艾滋病防治策略。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infected cases among farmers in Guizhou Province and provide a scientific basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control strategies.Methods The data of AIDS cases reported among farmers in Guizhou Province from 2010 to 2022 were selected from the Chinese AIDS Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic characteristics,and a linear regression model was constructed with the year as the independent variable and the number of cases as the dependent variable to analyze the changing trend.Results From 2010 to 2022,47811 HIV/AIDS cases were reported among farmers in Guizhou Province,accounting for 60.40%of the total number of cases.The number of reported cases showed an upward trend(AAPC=23.10%).The male-to-female ratio of the cases was 2:1.The majority of the cases were over 50 years old(56.55%),and the number of cases in each age group showed an overall upward trend.The main mode of transmission was heterosexual transmission(97.74%),and non-commercial heterosexual intercourse was the main mode for both males(49.01%)and females(61.50%).The samples were mainly sourced from medical institution tests(76.56%),and the proportion of late detection was 74.97%.Conclusion From 2010 to 2022,the number of reported HIV/AIDS cases among farmers in Guizhou Province showed an upward trend.The cases were mainly elderly,with a high proportion of late detection,relatively low educational levels,and heterosexual contact was the main mode of transmission,mainly non-commercial heterosexual intercourse.Attention should be paid to the HIV epidemic among farmers,and AIDS prevention and control strategies targeting farmers need to be explored according to the characteristics of this population.

关 键 词：HIV感染者 农民 Joinpoint趋势分析 流行特征 

分 类 号：R512.9[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]