三种干预策略提高中国15~18岁青少年女性HPV疫苗接种率的初步效果评价  

Preliminary evaluation of the effects of three intervention strategies on HPV vaccination rates among Chinese female adolescents aged 15 to 18

作　　者：陆娅胶 杨英 李一凡 秦川玉 何宇 赵丹丹 黄崇弼 赵帆 陶雨桐 黎美玲 吴丹 李静 LU Ya-jiao;YANG Ying;LI Yi-fan;QIN Chuan-yu;HE Yu;ZHAO Dan-dan;HUANG Chong-bi;ZHAO Fan;TAO Yu-tong;LI Mei-ling;WU Dan;LI Jing(West China School of Public Health,Sichuan University/West China Fourth Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [2]南京医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]玉林社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第5期854-858,910,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的 初步评价“健康教育、津贴和接力种”三种线上干预模式对我国15~18岁女性HPV疫苗接种率、监护人的疫苗接种延迟意愿和疫苗信心的干预效果。方法 采用便利抽样在中国成都和南京招募8所中学,以学校为单位分为健康教育组(健康教育视频+明信片)、津贴组(经济补助)和接力种组(健康教育视频+明信片+经济补助)。研究对象为15~18岁未接种HPV疫苗的高中女生及其一名监护人。主要结局:干预后高中女生一月内首针HPV疫苗接种情况;次要结局:干预前后监护人疫苗接种延迟意愿和疫苗信心变化。结果 共纳入238对参与者。干预后一月内接力种组女生接种率43.9%、津贴组43.1%、健康教育组16.7%;干预后接力种组(57.89%vs. 46.49%, P=0.004)和健康教育组(50.00%vs. 33.33%, P=0.001)监护人疫苗接种延迟意愿均显著降低,津贴组监护人疫苗接种延迟意愿变化不明显(51.72%vs. 48.28%, P=0.688)。干预前三组监护人的疫苗信心均很高,干预后均未出现具有统计学意义的变化(P>0.05)。结论 接力种组和津贴组对接种率的提升效果优于健康教育组。干预策略中包含的健康教育信息有助于降低疫苗接种延迟意愿。研究结论尚需扩大样本量后进一步验证。Objective To preliminarily evaluate the effects of three online intervention models—“Health Education,”“Subsidy,”and“Relay Vaccination”—on HPV vaccination rates among female adolescents aged 15 to 18 in China,as well as the willingness of guardians to delay vaccination and their confidence in vaccines.Methods Eight secondary schools in Chengdu and Nanjing were recruited using convenience sampling and divided into three groups:“Health Education”(health education video+postcards),“Subsidy”(financial assistance),and“Relay Vaccination”(health education video+postcards+financial assistance).The study subjects were high school girls aged 15 to 18 who had not yet received the HPV vaccine and one guardian per participant.The primary outcome was the rate of first HPV vaccination among high school girls within one-month post-intervention;secondary outcomes included changes in guardians’willingness to delay vaccination and their confidence in vaccines before and after the intervention.Results A total of 238 pairs of participants were included.Within one-month post-intervention,the vaccination rates were 43.9%for the“Relay Vaccination”group,43.1%for the“Subsidy”group,and 16.7%for the“Health Education”group.The willingness to delay vaccination significantly decreased in the“Relay Vaccination”group(57.89%vs.46.49%,P=0.004)and the“Health Education”group(50.00%vs.33.33%,P=0.001),while there was no significant change in the“Subsidy”group(51.72%vs.48.28%,P=0.688).Prior to the intervention,guardians in all three groups had high confidence in vaccines,and no statistically significant changes were observed post-intervention(P>0.05).Conclusion The“Relay Vaccination”and“Subsidy”groups exhibited superior effects on increasing vaccination rates compared to the“Health Education”group.The health education information included in the intervention strategies helped reduce the willingness to delay vaccination.The study conclusions require further validation with a larger sample

关 键 词：HPV疫苗 接力种 疫苗延迟意愿 疫苗接种 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]