后扶贫时代四川农村地区老年人健康贫困脆弱性及其影响因素研究  

Research on the health poverty vulnerability of the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan Province in the post-poverty-alleviation era and its influencing factors

作　　者：高晓凤[1] 刘敏[1] 段云 GAO Xiao-feng;LIU Min;DUAN Yun(School of Public Health,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong,Sichuan 637007,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院公共卫生学院,四川南充637007 [2]川北医学院医学影像学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第5期859-863,874,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：南充市2022年市校科技战略合作项目(22SXQT0281)。

摘　　要：目的 了解后扶贫时代四川农村地区老年人的健康贫困脆弱性,并分析其主要影响因素。方法 2022年7-8月采用多阶段抽样方法对601名四川农村老年人进行问卷调查。运用三阶段广义最小二乘法计算四川农村老年人的健康贫困脆弱性指数,并通过多因素logistic回归探讨健康贫困脆弱性的影响因素。结果 601人中,35人处于健康贫困脆弱状态(健康贫困脆弱性指数≥0.29),健康贫困脆弱率为5.82%。不同性别(OR=3.69,95%CI:1.28~10.61)、文化水平(OR=0.14,95%CI:0.05~0.35)、自付医疗费用占收入比例(OR=49.10,95%CI:15.99~150.91)、居住类型(以独居为参照,仅与配偶居住:OR=0.09,95%CI:0.03~0.29;与子女居住:OR=0.15,95%CI:0.05~0.44)的老年人之间的健康贫困脆弱率存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论 后扶贫时代四川农村老年人的健康贫困脆弱性整体处于较低水平,女性、文化水平低、自付医疗费用占收入比重大、独居的农村老年人,未来陷入健康贫困的风险较高,需重点关注。Objective To understand the health poverty vulnerability of the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan Province in the post-poverty-alleviation era and analyze its main influencing factors.Methods From July to August 2022,a multi-stage sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 601 rural elderly people in Sichuan.The three-stage generalized least-squares method was used to calculate the health poverty vulnerability index of rural elderly people in Sichuan,and the influencing factors of health poverty vulnerability were explored through multivariate logistic regression.Results Among the 601 people,35 were in a state of health poverty vulnerability(health poverty vulnerability index≥0.29),and the health poverty vulnerability rate was 5.82%.There were statistically significant differences in the health poverty vulnerability rates among the elderly with different genders(OR=3.69,95%CI:1.28-10.61),educational levels(OR=0.14,95%CI:0.05-0.35),proportions of out-of-pocket medical expenses to income(OR=49.10,95%CI:15.99-150.91),and living types(taking living alone as the reference,living only with a spouse:OR=0.09,95%CI:0.03-0.29;living with children:OR=0.15,95%CI:0.05-0.44)(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall health poverty vulnerability of rural elderly people in Sichuan Province in the post-poverty-alleviation era is at a relatively low level.Rural elderly women,those with low educational levels,those with a large proportion of out-of-pocket medical expenses to income,and those living alone are at a higher risk of falling into health poverty in the future and need to be given key attention.

关 键 词：农村地区 老年人 健康贫困脆弱性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]