基于高斯两步移动搜索法的杭州市托育机构可达性分析  

Accessibility analysis of childcare institutions in Hangzhou based on the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method

作　　者：杨佳敏 毛蜀莹 魏玉文 赵莉 朱梦蓉 YANG Jia-min;MAO Shu-ying;WEI Yu-wen;ZHAO Li;ZHU Meng-rong(West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2025年第5期864-868,886,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家卫健委2024年人口高质量发展研究揭榜攻关活动入围项目--普惠托育服务发展研究。

摘　　要：目的 对杭州市托育机构的可达性进行研究,为杭州市托育服务资源的优化配置及其他类似地区的托育资源布局提供参考。方法 使用杭州市卫健委官网及小程序公布的截至2024年7月的托育机构信息,在Arc GIS10.8软件中运用网络分析工具,根据高斯两步移动搜索法计算托育机构的空间可达性。结果 杭州市东北区域与西南区域单位面积托育机构数之比为31.38,整体呈现东北资源多、西南资源少的分布。东北部普惠托育机构的可达性整体呈现中心城区低、周边城区高的状态,与托育机构的数量分布有所区别,非普惠托育机构可达性与托育机构的数量分布基本一致。西南五区县普惠托育机构可达性较高区域较为集中地分布在区县政府所在地附近,部分区域的可达性处于高值区,非普惠托育机构仅在靠近东北城区的个别区县有分布。结论 应关注人口密度大的东北中心城区部分区域普惠托育机构资源供给,也不能忽视西南五区县及东北部人口较少区域的托育需求,应通过综合措施促进托育服务的提供和利用。Objective To study the accessibility of childcare institutions in Hangzhou and provide references for the optimal allocation of childcare service resources in Hangzhou and the layout of childcare resources in other similar areas.Methods Using the information of childcare institutions in Hangzhou as of July 2024,which was published on the official website and mini-program of the Health Commission of Hangzhou,the network analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.8 software was used to calculate the spatial accessibility of childcare institutions according to the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method.Results The ratio of the number of childcare institutions per unit area between the northeast and southwest regions of Hangzhou was 31.38.Overall,there was a distribution pattern with more resources in the northeast and fewer in the southwest.The accessibility of inclusive childcare institutions in the northeast generally showed a state of being low in the central urban area and high in the surrounding urban areas,which was different from the distribution of the number of childcare institutions.The accessibility of non-inclusive childcare institutions was basically consistent with the distribution of the number of childcare institutions.In the five southwestern districts and counties,the areas with high accessibility of inclusive childcare institutions were relatively concentrated near the locations of the district and county governments,and the accessibility in some areas was in the high-value zone.Non-inclusive childcare institutions were only distributed in individual districts and counties close to the northeast urban area.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the resource supply of inclusive childcare institutions in some areas of the northeast central urban area with a large population density.Meanwhile,the childcare needs of the five southwestern districts and counties and the less-populated areas in the northeast should not be ignored.Comprehensive measures should be taken to promote the provision and utilization o

关 键 词：托育机构 可达性 两步移动搜索法 杭州市 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]