“消失”的边界:数字技术投入对贸易边界效应的削弱与重塑  

"Disappearing"Borders:Weakening and Reshaping of Digital Technology Inputs on Trade Border Effects

作　　者：钱学锋[1] 周文倩 QIAN Xuefeng;ZHOU Wenqian

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2025年第3期1-25,共25页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“全球价值链背景下国际贸易政策体系调整与中国应对策略研究”(21&ZD083)。

摘　　要：近年来,地缘政治博弈持续加剧,全球经济联系趋于弱化,地理边界和地缘政治边界对贸易的阻碍作用重新凸显。而数字技术深度嵌入生产环节,推动经济体间要素协同,为突破边界限制、促进贸易流动提供新契机。基于亚洲开发银行的多区域投入产出表,本文测算出2015—2022年间62个经济体32个行业的数字技术投入水平,系统探究数字技术投入对地理边界和地缘政治边界的影响。研究发现,地理边界和地缘政治边界仍是跨境贸易发展的重要障碍,但数字技术投入有效缓解了边界的负面影响,这一积极影响主要通过生产率提升效应、产业协同效应以及市场整合效应三条渠道实现。进一步分析表明,数字技术投入在降低高收入经济体间边界效应方面表现尤为突出,且对制造业边界效应的弱化作用更加明显。而数字服务的无形性和在线化特征使其能够更好地突破地理边界的限制,但对地缘政治边界的影响相对有限。本研究为利用数字技术激活外贸发展新动能、推动构建更加公平合理的国际经贸秩序提供了重要的理论依据和政策启示。In recent years,intensifying geopolitical competition has persistently exacerbated the fragmentation of global economic connections,bringing renewed attention to the trade barriers imposed by geographical and geopolitical borders.Concurrently,the deep integration of digital technologies into production systems has fostered cross-border factor collaboration among economies,offering unprecedented opportunities to overcome border constraints and boost trade flows.Using the Asian Development Bank's multi-regional input-output tables,this study quantifies digital technology inputs across 32 industries in 62 economies from 2015 to 2022,systematically investigating their moderating effects on both geographical and geopolitical borders.This paper finds that although geographical and geopolitical borders still substantially hinder cross-border trade,digital technology inputs notably alleviate their negative impact.This mitigating impact operates through three channels:enhancing productivity,fostering industrial synergy,and promoting market integration.Further analysis demonstrates that digital technology inputs are especially effective in reducing border effects among high-income economies,while their weakening effect on the manufacturing sector's border constraints is more pronounced.Additionally,the intangibility and online transaction features of digital services enable them to more effectively overcome geographical border restrictions,though their influence on geopolitical borders remains relatively limited.This paper provides crucial theoretical foundations and policy implications for leveraging digital technologies to energize new drivers of foreign trade development and advance the establishment of a more equitable and rational international economic and trade order.

关 键 词：数字技术投入 边界效应 地缘政治边界 颠覆作用 

分 类 号：F753[经济管理—国际贸易]