Boosting with Omicron-specific mRNA vaccine or historical SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicits discriminating immune responses against Omicron variants  

作　　者：Yi Wu Xiaoying Jia Namei Wu Xinghai Zhang Yan Wu Yang Liu Minmin Zhou Yanqiong Shen Entao Li Wei Wang Jiaming Lan Yucai Wang Sandra Chiu 

机构地区：[1]Department of Laboratory Medicine,the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230031,China [2]School of Basic Medical Sciences,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China [3]State Key Laboratory of Virology,Wuhan Institute of Virology,Center for Biosafety Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430062,China [4]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China [5]RNAlfa Biotech,Hefei 230088,China [6]Core Unit of National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine,Hefei 230031,China [7]Key Laboratory of Anhui Province for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases,Hefei 230026,China [8]Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China

出　　处：《Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B》2025年第2期947-962,共16页药学学报(英文版)

基　　金：the National Virus Resource Center for kindly providing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1(CCPM-B-V-049-2112-18)and BA.5(NPRC2.062200006);supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFA0710700);the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0490000,China);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025036,51961145109);the Shanghai“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory Project(22490750200,China);This work was partially carried out at the USTC Center for Micro and Nanoscale Research and Fabrication.

摘　　要：Booster vaccinations are highly recommended in combating the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and its subvariants.However,the optimal booster vaccination strategies and related immune mechanisms with different prior vaccinations are under-revealed.In this study,we systematically evaluated the immune responses in mice and hamsters with different prime-boost regimens before their protective efficacies against Omicron were detected.We found that boosting with Ad5-nCoV,S_(WT)-2P or SOmicron-6P induced significantly higher levels of neutralization activities against Omicron variants than CoronaVac and ZF2001 by eliciting stronger germinal center(GC)responses.Specifically,S_(Omicron)-6P induced even stronger antibody responses against Omicron variants in CoronaVac and Ad5-nCoV-primed animals than non-Omicron-specific vaccines but with limited differences as compared to Ad5-nCoV and SWT-2P.In addition,boosting with a specific vaccine has the potential to remodel the existing immune profiles.These findings indicated that adenovirus-vectored vaccines and mRNA vaccines would be more effective than other types of vaccines as booster shots in combating Omicron infections.Moreover,the protective efficacies of the vaccines in booster vaccinations are highly related to GC reactions in secondary lymphatic organs.In summary,these findings provide timely important information on prime-boost regimens and future vaccine design.

关 键 词：SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants Omicron-specific mRNA vaccine Commercial vaccines Booster vaccination Immune response 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]