基于根系表型性状的蚕豆耐盐碱性鉴定与综合评价  

Identification and Comprehensive Evaluation of Faba Bean Salt-alkali Tolerance Based on Root Phenotypic Traits

作　　者：范惠玲 路妍[3] 金文海 王慧 彭小星 武学霞 刘玉皎 Huiling Fan;Yan Lu;Wenhai Jin;Hui Wang;Xiaoxing Peng;Xuexia Wu;Yujiao Liu(Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources Research and Utilization Laboratory,Xining 810016,China;Hexi University,Zhangye 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学,西宁810016 [2]青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,西宁810016 [3]河西学院,张掖734000

出　　处：《植物学报》2025年第2期204-217,共14页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家食用豆产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-08);国家自然科学基金(No.42267008);青海大学两级财政科研实力提升项目-青年创新人才支持计划(No.2025KTSQ12);青海省重点研发与转化计划(No.2022-NK-109)。

摘　　要：蚕豆(Vicia faba)耐盐碱性种质鉴定为挖掘耐盐碱基因和选育耐盐碱品种奠定基础,对盐碱地利用具有重要意义。利用8 g·L^(–1)混合盐碱溶液(NaCl、Na_(2)CO_(3)和Na_(2)SO_(4),质量比为9:1:1,pH9.25)对399份国内外蚕豆种质在萌发期进行胁迫处理,并测定了3个发芽指标和13个根系指标,采用相关性、主成分、隶属函数和系统聚类分析,对各种质的耐盐碱性进行综合评价。结果表明:(1)在盐碱胁迫下,根系交叠数受到的影响最大,关节点次之,而根平均直径较稳定;(2)交叠数与总连接点数之间,分叉数与交叠数、总连接点数之间等大部分指标间均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);而根平均直径与根总数量、根尖数量、根总长、端点数、关节点数、连接数、分叉数、交叠数和总连接点数之间呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);(3)根总表面积、根总投影面积、根总长和根总体积可作为蚕豆萌发期耐盐碱性鉴定的适宜指标;(4)筛选出2份耐碱盐种质H0000809和H0000653,2份盐碱敏感种质H0001714和H0002622;(5)399份蚕豆种质可分为4类,第Ⅰ类为耐盐碱种质,占0.75%;第Ⅱ类为中耐盐碱种质,占8%;第Ⅲ类为弱耐盐碱种质,占52.88%;第Ⅳ类为不耐盐碱种质,占38.35%。综上,该研究明确了各指标的变异程度和相关性,确定了耐盐碱性鉴定的关键指标,筛选出的极端材料可用于蚕豆耐盐碱机理研究和耐盐碱基因挖掘。INTRODUCTION:Identification of salt-alkali tolerant germplasm in faba bean lays the foundation for the exploration of salt-alkali tolerant genes and for the selection and breeding of salt-alkali tolerant varieties,which is of great significance for the utilization of saline-alkali land.RATIONALE:Most of the studies on the salt-alkali tolerance of faba beans were focused on the morphological and physiological traits of the aboveground parts,while there are few studies on the phenotypic traits of the roots.The root plays a crucial role in resisting salt-alkali stress.Deep research on the relationship between the phenotypic traits of the root and the salt-alkali tolerance of faba beans will help to comprehensively understand the physiological mechanism of the salt-alkali tolerance.RESULTS:The results showed that:(1)Under salt-alkali stress,the root overlap number was mostly affected,it was followed by the coila number,while the average diameter of root was affected slightly;(2)Between the overlap number and total number of connection points,among the bifurcation number and the overlap number and total number of connection points,most of indicators were significant positively correlation(P<0.01),while there were significant negatively correlation(P<0.01)among the average diameter of root and total number of root,the number of root tip,total length of root,endpoint number,coila number,linking number,bifurcation number,overlap number and total number of connection points;(3)Total root surface area of root,total projected area of root,total length of root and total volume of root could be used as the key indicators to identify the salt-alkali tolerance of faba bean during the germination period;(4)Two salt-alkali tolerant accessions H0000809 and H0000653,and two salt-alkali sensitive accessions H0001714 and H0002622 were screened out;and(5)The 399 faba bean accessions were divided into 4 groups:groupⅠ,salt-alkali tolerance germplasm,accounting for 0.75%;groupⅡ,moderately salt-alkali tolerant germplasm,accounting for

关 键 词：蚕豆 萌发期 盐碱胁迫 耐盐碱种质鉴定 综合评价 

分 类 号：S643.3[农业科学—蔬菜学] S643.6[农业科学—园艺学]